Effects of Feeding Differently Processed Karanj (Pongamia pinnata) Seed Meal on Digestibility and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48165/jms.2026.21.01.7Keywords:
Karanj seeds Meal (KSM), Pongamia pinnata, Broiler, Digestibility, Carcass characteristicsAbstract
The present study examined the effect of differently processed karanj (Pongamia pinnata) seed meal (KSM) on the digestibility and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens. Diets were formulated as T1 (0% KSM), T2 (5% of raw KSM), T3 (5% soaked KSM), T4 (5% KSM boiled for 30 minutes), T5 (5% KSM boiled for 60 minutes), and T6 (5% toasted KSM). A total of 240-day-old broiler chicks were allocated to the six treatments in groups (n=40) and fed on the formulated diets for 7 weeks. At the end of the experiment (7th week) Four birds from each treatment group were randomly selected and put into metabolism cages and served with the experimental diets. The carcass characteristics were recorded at the end of the experiment. The findings for nutrient digestibility indicate that the T2 group fed on raw KSM recorded the lowest values, whereas, apart from the control, T1 broilers fed on a diet without KSM, T6 recorded the highest digestibility values. The 60-minute boiling and toasting significantly improved the nutrient digestibility of KSM. The carcass characteristics revealed no significant (P>0.05) differences in bled weight, plucked weight, and dressed weight. The cut-up parts of broiler chickens fed KSM showed no significant (P>0.05) differences except for the drumstick, which significantly (P<0.05) differed from the other treatment groups. The findings of this study revealed that the processing methods used were effective in reducing the adverse effects of anti-nutritional factors in KSM.
Downloads
References
Adegbenro, M., Onibi, G. E., Agbede, J. O., Aletor, V. A., Aro, S. O., & Adeyeye, S. A. (2011). Evaluation of the nutrients and anti-nutritional factors in some under-utilized seeds. In Proceedings of the 16th Annual Conference of Animal Science Association of Nigeria (pp. 96–98).
Agbabiaka, L. A., Madubuike, F. N., & Esonu, B. O. (2012). Performance, carcass, and organ weights of broiler finishers fed varying levels of tigernut (Cyperus esculentus L.) meal. British Journal of Poultry Science, 1(2), 11–17.
Aguihe, P. C., & Kehinde, A. S. (2019). Performance, haematology, and serum biochemistry of broiler chickens fed processed shea butter cake meal. Nigerian Journal of Animal Science, 21(2), 231–239.
Alshelmani, M. I., Abdalla, E. A., Kaka, U., & Basit, M. A. (2021). Non-traditional feedstuffs as an alternative in poultry feed. In Advances in poultry nutrition research. IntechOpen.
AOAC. (2019). Official methods of analysis (21st ed.). Association of Official Analytical Chemists.
Benisheikh, A. A., Marte, A. M., Jibrin, T. A., & Mustapha, A. (2021). Performance of broiler chicks fed karanj seed (Pongamia pinnata). International Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 9(1), 1–7.
Department of Statistics Malaysia. (2022). Report of special study on production cost of chicken and egg.
Dinesh Kumar, D., Rao, S. B. N., Jash, S., Elangovan, A. V., & Hemalatha, S. (2011). Chemical composition and anti-nutritional factors in karanja (Pongamia pinnata) seed kernels and its in vitro evaluation. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences, 81(5), 478–483.
Kumar, P., Sharma, M., Abubakar, A. A., Hayat, M. N., Ahmed, M. A., Kaka, U., & Sazili, A. Q. (2023). Soybean sustainability issues. In Reference module in food science. Elsevier.
Kumar, S., Bhat, Z. F., Kumar, P., & Singh, P. K. (2012). Effect of sex on carcass quality parameters of Vanaraja chicken. Indian Journal of Poultry Science, 47(3), 377–381.
Kwari, I. D., Medugu, C. I., Maisakala, A. A., Yoksa, G. A., & Saleh, B. (2019). Growth performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens fed processed sickle pod seed meal. Nigerian Journal of Animal Science, 21(2), 272–281.
Mallick, P., Muduli, K., Biswal, J. N., & Pumwa, J. (2020). Broiler poultry feed cost optimization using linear programming technique. Journal of Operations and Strategic Planning, 3(1), 31–57.
Panda, A. K., Sastry, V. R. B., & Mandal, A. B. (2008). Growth and carcass characteristics in broiler chickens fed processed karanj cake. Journal of Poultry Science, 45(3), 199–205.
Parrini, S., Aquilani, C., Pugliese, C., Bozzi, R., & Sirtori, F. (2023). Soybean replacement by alternative protein sources in pig nutrition and its effect on meat quality. Animals, 13(3), 494.
Samtiya, M., Aluko, R. E., & Dhewa, T. (2020). Plant food anti-nutritional factors and their reduction strategies. Food Production, Processing and Nutrition, 2(1), 6.
Scott, P. T., Pregelj, L., Chen, N., Hadler, J. S., Djordjevic, M. A., & Gresshoff, P. M. (2008). Pongamia pinnata: An untapped resource for the biofuels industry. BioEnergy Research, 1(1), 2–11.
Soetan, K. O., & Oyewole, O. E. (2009). Processing methods to reduce anti-nutritional factors in plant foods. African Journal of Food Science, 3(9), 223–232.
Thirumalaisamy, G., Muralidharan, J., Senthilkumar, S., Hema Sayee, R., & Priyadharsini, M. (2016). Cost-effective feeding of poultry. International Journal of Science, Environment and Technology, 5(6), 3997–4005.
Vinay, B. J., & Sindhu Kanya, T. C. (2008). Effect of detoxification on functional and nutritional quality of karanja seed meal. Food Chemistry, 106(1), 77–84.
Woyengo, T. A., Beltranena, E., & Zijlstra, R. T. (2017). Effect of anti-nutritional factors of oilseed co-products on feed intake of pigs and poultry. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 233, 76–86.
Zentek, J., & Goodarzi Boroojeni, F. (2020). Biotechnological processing of poultry and pig feed and its impact. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 268, 114576.
Zewdie, A. K. (2019). Methods of measuring feed digestibility: A review. EC Nutrition, 14(1), 68–74.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Benisheikh Ali Adam, Mustapha Abdul, Igwebuike Joseph, Makinta Alhaji Ali, Marte Musa Ali, Sani Ibrahim, Usman Muhammad Kolo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
