Postharvest Technology of Fruits and Vegetables: An Overview
Keywords:
Post-harvest loss, Fruits and vegetables, Postharvest handling, Storage PackagingAbstract
Harvested fruits and vegetables require adequate and advanced postharvest processing technologies for minimizing the qualitative as well as quantitative losses after harvesting. Nearly 40% fruits and vegetables are wasted every year due to improper handling, storage, packaging, and transportation. Wastage of fruits and vegetables in huge amount due to un-implementation of advance postharvest technological approaches also reduces the per capita availability of fruits and vegetables. Intensive emphasis is required to develop the advance postharvest technologies for improving the global food security by enriching the economy of agricultural produce of the world with minimal losses of consumable fruits and vegetables. The present article discusses the common yet important postharvest technologies to maintain the quality of fruits and vegetables.
References
Abadias, M. 2008. Microbiological quality of fresh, minimally-processed fruit andvegetables, and sprouts from retail establishments. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 123: 121– 129.
Adisa, V.A. 1986. The influence of molds and some storage factors on the ascorbic acid content of orange and pineapple fruits. Food Chemistry, 22: 139–146.
Ahmad, M. S., Nayyer, M. A., Aftab, A., Nayak, B., and Siddiqui, M. W. 2014. Quality prerequisites of fruits for storage and marketing. Journal of Post
Harvest Technology, 2(1), 107-123.
Alenazi, M. 2009. Effect of harvesting and storage conditions on the post harvest quality of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill). Australian Journal of Crop Science Southern Cross, 3(2): 113-121.
Anonymous, 2006. Postharvest Management of Fruit and Vegetables in the Asia-Pacific Region. Asian Productivity Organization, Japan. ISBN: 92-833-7051-1.
Anonymous. 2013. Press Information Bureau Government of India, Ministry of Agriculture, MP: SS: CP: vegetables & fruits, 17th December, 17:20 IST.
Argenta, L.C. 2004. Production of volatile compounds by fuji apples following exposure to high CO2 or low O2. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry, 52: 5957–5963.
Ayhan, Z., Es¸t¨urk, O. and Tas, E. 2008. Effect of modified atmosphere packaging on the quality and shelf life of minimally processed carrots. Turk Journal of Agriculture. 32: 57–64.
Bachmann, J. and Earles, R. 2000. Postharvest handling of fruits and vegetables. Appropriate Technology Transfer for Rural Areas. NCAT Agriculture Specialists. pp. 1-19.
Beaudry, R.M., Cameron, A.C., Shirazi, A. and Dostal-Lange, D.L. 1992. Modified-atmosphere packaging of blueberry fruit: Effect of temperature on package O2 and CO2. Journal of American Society of Horticulture Science, 117: 436-441.
Bhosale, J. 2013. Emerson Climate Technologies India, a business of the US-based manufacturing and technology company Emerson. ET Bureau, 28th November,02:53 PM, IST.
Botrel, N., De-Carvalho, V.D., Capriade, V. D. 1993. Effect of fruit weight on internal browning and quality in pineapple smooth cayenne. Pesquisa Agrropequaria Brasiliere. 28 (9): 1055- 1064.
Buzby, J. C. and Hyman, J. 2012. Total and per capita value of food loss in the United States. Food Policy, 37(5): 561- 570.
Chakraverty, A. 2001. Postharvest Technology. Enfield, NH: Scientific Publishers. ISBN: 0-8247-0514-9
Chonhenchob, V. Chantarasomboon, Y. and Singh, S.P. 2007. Quality changes of treated fresh-cut tropical fruits in rigid modified atmosphere packaging containers. Packaging Technology Science. 20: 27–37.
Dadzie, B.K. and Orchard, J.E. 1997. Routine Postharvest Screening of Banana/Plantain Hybrids: Criteria and Methods. International Plant Genetic Resources Institute. ISBN: 2- 910-810-
-4.
Day, B.P.F. 2008. Active packaging of food. In Smart Packaging Technologies for Fast Moving Consumer Goods. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley, pp. 1–18.
Egharevaba, R.K.A. 1995. Physiology of
fruits and vegetables. Journal of Tropical Postharvest, 2: 51-73.
Fishman, S., Rodov, V. and Ben-Yehoshua, S. 1996. Mathematical model for perforation effect on oxygen and water vapour dynamics in modified
atmosphere packages. Journal of Food Science, 61: 956-961.
Gupta, H.C., Singh, J. and Kathuria, O.P. 2000. Methodological Investigation on Postharvest Losses, Journal of Indian Society Agriculture Statistics, 53(2): 161-171.
Han, J.H. and Floros, J.D. 2007. Active packaging. In: Tewari G and Juneja VK, editors. Advances in Thermal and Non-thermal Food Preservation. Ames, Ia: Blackwell Professional, pp. 167–
Harvey, J.M. 1978. Reduction of losses in fresh market fruits and vegetables. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 16: 321-341.
Hodges, R.J., Buzby, J.C. and Bennett, B. 2011. Postharvest losses and waste in developed and less developed countries: opportunities to improve resource use. Journal of Agricultural Science, 149: 37-45.
Hossain, M.A., Goffr, M.A., Chowdury, J.C.S. and Mollah, M.S. 1996. Shelf life of fruits of some tomato lines under ordinary condition. BARI Annual Report. pp. 5-8.
Idah, P.A., Ajisegiri, E.S.A. and Yisa, M.G. 2007. Fruits and Vegetables Handling and Transportation in Nigeria. Department Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Technology Minna, Niger State, Nigeria, A.U.J.T., 10(3): 175-183.
Ilić, Z., Fallik, E. and Dardić, M. 2009. Harvest, sorting, packaging and storage of vegetables. Agriculturae Conspectus Scientifi cus, 77(1): 1-4.
Ilić, Z., Vukosavljević, P. 2010. Cold chain strategy for Serbia. 28th International Horticultural Congress. Book of abstract Volume II. August 22-27. Lisboa, Portugal, pp. 137.
Izumi, H., Tatsumi, Y. and Murata, T. 1984. Effect of storage temperature on changes of ascorbic acid content of cucumber, winter squash, sweet potato and potato. Nippon Shokuhin Kogyo Gakkaishi 31, 47–49.
Jindal, K. K. 2004. Challenges and Opportunities in Apple Cultivation in Hills. Presented in National Workshop on Enhancing Productivity of Apple in India. YSPHUF, Solan. ISBN: 92-833-
-1.
Jones, C.S., Holt, J.E. and Schoorl, D. 1991. A model to predict damage to horticultural produce during transport. Journal of Agriculture Engineering Research, 50: 259-72.
Jong, A. and Jongbloed, H. 2004. Conditions of purchase: active and intelligent packaging in Europe. Europian Food Drink Review Spring, 1: 37–40.
Kader, A. A. 2002. Postharvest Biology and Technology: An Overview, In: Postharvest technology of horticultural crops. University of California, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Special Publication, 3311: 39-47.
Kader, A.A. 2005. Increasing Food Availability by Reducing Postharvest Losses of Fresh Produce, Proceeding of 5th International Postharvest Symposium, pp. 2169-2175.
Kader, A.A. and Rolle, R.S. 2004. The Role
of Postharvest Management in Assuring the Quality and Safety Horticultural Crops. Food and Agriculture Organization. Agricultural Services Bulletin, 152: 52.
Kantor, L.S., Lipton, K., Manchester, A., and Oliveira, V. 1997. Estimating and addressing America’s food losses. Food Review, 20: 3-11.
Kibar, H. 2012. Design and management of postharvest potato (solanum tuberosum L.) storage structures, Igdir University, Department of Biosystems Engineering, Igdir-Turkey, Ordu Üniversity. Ordu University Journal of Science and Technology, l(2): 23-48.
Kitinoja, L., Saran, S., Roy, S.K. and Kaderc, A.A. 2011. Postharvest technology for developing countries: challenges and opportunities in research, outreach and advocacy.
Journal of Food Science and Agriculture, 91: 597–603.
Lee, S.K. and Kader, A.A. 2000. Preharvest and postharvest factors influencing vitamin C content of horticultural crops. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 20: 207–220.
Mazza, G. 1983. Post harvest technology of potato. American Potato Journal, 60: 145–159.
Mehyar, G.F. and Han, J.H. 2011. Active Packaging for Fresh-Cut Fruits and Vegetables, Edited by Aaron L. Brody, Hong Zhuang and Jung H. Han. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, pp. 267-284.
Miller, E.V. and Heilman, A.S. 1952. Ascorbic acid and physiological breakdown in the fruits of the pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr.). Science, 116: 505–506.
Mohamed, S., Taufik, B., and Karim, M.N.A. 1996. Effect of modified atmosphere packaging on the physiochemical characteristics of ciku (Achras sapota L) at various storage temperature. Journal of Science Food Agriculture, 70: 231–240.
Ozdemir, M. and Floros, J.D. 2004. Onions: Postharvest Operation, Organisation:Massey University, Private Bag , Active food packaging technologies. Critical Review Food Nutrition, 44:185–193.
Ram, R., Friedman, K. and Milika Sobey, M.N. 2008. Impacts of harvesting and postharvesting processing methods on the quality and value of beche-de-mer in Fiji Islands. SPC Beche-de-mer Information Bulletin, pp.21-24.
Rodrigues, E.T. and Han, J.H. 2003. Intelligent packaging. In: Heldman DR, editor. Encyclopedia of Agricultural, Food, and Biological Engineering. New York: Marcel Dekker, pp. 528–535.
Roma, V.F., Moneruzzaman, K.M., Hossain, A.B.M.S., Sani, W., Saifuddin, M. and Rooney M.L. 2005. Introduction to active food packaging technologies. In: Han JH, editor. Innovations in Food Packaging. Oxford, UK: Elsevier Academic, pp. 63–79.
Salami, P., Ahmadi, H., Keyhani, A. and Sarsaifee, M. 2010. Strawberry postharvest energy losses in Iran. Researcher, 4: 67-73.
Shah, A. Das Gupta, D. K. and Arya, S. S. 2000. Value-added Product Development of Horticultural Produce. Indian Horticulture, April–June: pp18–
Sharma, N., Garcha, S. and Singh, S. 2013. Potential of Lactococcus lactis
biopreservative. Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences, 3(2): 168-171.
Sharp, A.K., Irving, A.R. and Morris, S.C. 1993. Does temperature variation limit the use of MA packaging during shipment in freight containers In: G. Blanpied, Journal of Bartsch and Journal of Hicks (eds) Proc. 6th Intl Contr. Atmospheric Research Conference. Cornell University, Ithaca NY, pp. 238-251.
Siddiqui, M. W., Momin, C. M., Acharya, P., Kabir, J., Debnath, M. K., and Dhua, R. S. 2013a. Dynamics of changes in bioactive molecules and antioxidant potential of Capsicum chinense Jacq. cv. Habanero at nine maturity stages. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 35(4), 1141-1148.
Siddiqui, M. W., Ayala-Zavala, J. F., and Dhua, R. S. 2013b. Genotypic variation in tomatoes affecting processing and antioxidant attributes. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. (In Press)
Siddiqui, M. W., Dutta, P., Dhua, R. S., and Dey, A. 2014. Changes in biochemical composition of mango in response to pre-harvest gibberellic acid spray. Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus
(ACS), 78(4), 331-335.
Singh, A. and Singh, Y. 1992. Effect of vibration during transportation on the quality of tomatoes. Journal of Agriculture Mechinary, Asia, Africa and Latin America, 23: 70-72.
Smith, R.C. 2010. Vegetable Maturity Dates, Yields and Storage, Ph.D. Extension Horticulturist, NSDU Extension survice, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58: 108.
Sozzi, G.O., Trinchero, G.D. and Fraschina, A.A. 1999. Controlled atmosphere
storage of tomato fruit: low oxygen or elevated carbon dioxide levels alter galactosidase activity and inhibit exogenous ethylene action. Journal of Science Food and Agriculture, 79:1065–1070.
Sudheer, K.P. and Indira, V. 2007. Post harvest technology of horticultural, pp. 01-05.
Tan, S.C. 1997. Postharvest handling of cucumber, lettuce and tomato, Research Officer, Horticultural Science, South Perth. Farmnote 41/96.
Yahia, E. M. 2010. Cold chain development and challenges in the developing world. Acta Horticulture, 877: 127- 132.
Wasala, C. B., Dissanayake, C. A. K., Dharmasena, D. A. N., Gunawardane, C. R., and Dissanayake, T. M. R. 2014. Postharvest losses, current issues and demand for postharvest technologies for loss management in the main banana supply chains in Sri Lanka. Journal of Post-Harvest Technology, 2(1), 80-87.
Wijewardane, N. A. 2014. Effect of pre cooling combined with exogenous oxalic acid application on storage quality of mango (Mangifera indica). Journal of Post-Harvest Technology, 2(1), 45-53.
Yumbya, P., Ambuko, J., Shibairo, S., and Owino, W. 2014. Effect of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on the shelf life and postharvest quality of purple passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims). Journal of Post-Harvest Technology, 2(1), 25-36.