DOES CRYOPRESERVATION TECHNOLOGY HELPS TO FORENSIC MEDICINE AND TISSUE ENGINEERING?
Keywords:
Cryopreservation, human oocytes, unfertilized oocytes, Stem cells, Autologous bone marrow, TransplantAbstract
Background: Cryopreservation has been found efficacious for thin samples, small clumps of cells, which can be cooled more quickly, hence requiring lower doses of toxic cryoprotectants. The goal of cryopreserving human livers, hearts, and other body organs for storage and transplantation is still some distance away.
Methods: An appropriate combination of cryoprotectants and regimes of rapid cooling and rinsing during warming often allows successful cryopreservation of biological materials, particularly cell suspensions or thin tissue samples. Examples include: Semen blood, tissue samples like tumors, histological cross sections, human eggs and human embryos. Many studies have evaluated the children born from frozen embryos, or “frosties”, with consistently positive results with no increase in birth defects or development abnormalitie). Results: Cryopreserver would have enormous applications, especially in combating infertility, anamenting trauma care, and in regeneration of tissue, organs in lab set up. Moreover, it is cost effective and feasible technique. Conclusions: Currently not much of work has been done to establish or optimize the techniques in the Indian setting. Future studies are therefore needed for standardizing the techniques of cryo so as to ensure optimum cell survival. We established and first time hypothesized globally that it helps tissue banking/ engineering and forensic medicine as well. We easily save so many lives in future.
References
1. Bhat SN, Sharma A, Bhat SV. “Vitrification and glass transition of water: insights from spin probe ESR”. Phys Rev Lett 2005;95(23): 235-702.
2. Vutyavanich T, Piromlertamorn W, Nunta S. Rapid freezing versus slow programmable freezing of human spermatozoa. Fertil Steril20 1 0;93(6): 1921-8.
3. Supplement to fertility and sterility (PPF). September 2008. Retrieved 2009; 07-27.
4. Aleor: The origin of our Nane, Alcor Life Extension Foundation. Winter 2000. Retrieved 2009-08-25. 5. Mazur P. “Cryobiology: the freezing of biological systems.” Science 1970;168 (934): 939-49.
6. Polge C. Low temperature storage of mamrnatian spermatozoa. Royal Society of London 1957; 147(929):498-508.
7. Sadanand D. Sontakke, Govindaswamy Umapathy, Vedantam Sivram, Sanjiva D. Kholkute, Sirinthy Shivaji. Semen characteristics, cryopreservation, and successful artificial inremination in the blue rock pigeon (Columba Livia). Theriogenology 2004;62: 139-153.
8. Faupel RF, Seitz HJ, Tarnowski W, Thiemann V, Weiss Ch. The problem of tissue sampling from experimental animals with respect to freezing technique, anoxia, stress, and nacrosis: A new method for sampling rat liver tissue and the physiological values of glycolytic intermediates and related compounds. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 1972; 148(2):509-522.
9. Berz D, Elise M, Me Cormack, Winner ES, Colin GA, Querrnberry PJ. Cryopreservation of hematopoetic stem cells. Am J Hematol 2007 June;82(6):463-472.
10. Benardo and BJ Fuller. (1996). Cryopreservation of human oocytes: a review of current problems and perspectives. Human Reproduction Update 1996;2(3): 193-207.
11. Wennerholm VB, Soderstorm V, Antila, Begh C, Aittomaki K, Hazekamil J, Nygren KG, Selbing A, Loft A. Children born after cryopreservation of embryos or oocytes: a systematic review of outcome data. Human Reproduction, Advance Access Published online on May 20.2009.
12. AI-Hasani S, Diedrich K, Vander Ven H, Reinecke A, Hartje M, Krebs D. Cryopreservation of human oocytes. Human Reproduction 1987;2(8):659-700.
13. Debra A, Gook, Edgar DH. Human oocyte cryopreservation. Human Reproduction Update 2007;13(6):591-605.
14. American Cancer Society. Cancer facts and figures 2001. Atlanta: American Cancer Society. Retrieved on April 24, 2007.
15. Noyes N, Porcu F, Borini A. With more than 900 babies born, live birth outcomes following oocyte cryopreservation do not appear different those occurring after conventional IVF. Reprod Biomed Online 18: 769-776.
16. Gook DA, Edgar DH. Cryopreservation of the human female gamete: current and future issues. Human Reproduction 1999; 14(12):2938-2940.
17. Smitz J, Dolmans MM, Donnez J, Fortune JE, Hovatta 0, Jewgenow K, Woodruff TK, Zelinski MB. Current achievements and future research directions in ovarian tissue culture, in vitro follicle development and transplantations, implications of fertility preservation. Human Reproduction update 2010; 16(4):395-414.
18. Demeestere I, Simon P, Emiliani S, Delbaere A, Englert Y. Orthotopic and heterotropic ovarian tissue transplantation. Human Reproduction Update 2009; 15(6):649-665.
19. Kolibianakis EM, Zikopoulos K, Devroey P. Implantation potential and clinical impact of cryopreservation-a review. Placenta 2003;24: S27-33.
20. Veeck LL, Bodine R, Clarke RN, Berrios R, Librano J, Moschini RM, Zaninovic N, Rorenwaks Z. High pregnancy rates can be achieved after freezing and thawing human blastocysts. Fertil Steril 2004;82(5): 1418-1427.
21. Berz D, Elise M, Me Cormack, Eric S, Winer, Gerald A, Colvin, Peter J. Quesenberry cryopreservation of hematopoietic stem cells. Am J Hematol 2007;82(6):463-472.
22. Rowley SD et al. Hematopoietic stem cell processing and cryopreservation. J Clin Apher 1992; 7(3): 132- 134.
23. Valerio CR, Pivacek LE. Effects of the temperature, the duration of frozen storage and the freezing container on into measurements in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Transfusion 1996;36:303- 308.
24. Sanz MA. Cord-blood transplantation in patient with leukemia - a real alternative for adults. N Engl J Med 2004;351 :2328-2330.
25. D’ Angelo A, Amson N.N. Embryo freezing for preventing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: a Cochrane review. Human Reproduction 2002; 17( 11): 2787-2794.
26. Taylor R, Fletcher R. Cryopreservation of eukaryotic algae: a review of methodologies. J. Appl. Phycol. 1998;10(5): 481-50l.
27. Day JG. Cryopreservation of microalgove and cyanobacteria. Methods in molecular Biology Volume 368, PP 141-151. Pub date: June 05-2007.
28. Day JG, Harding K. Plant cryopreservation: A practical guide, Springer New York 2008;Section 11,95-116. 29. Beaty MH, Parker BC. Cryopreservation of Eukaryotic Algave. Viriginia Journal of Science Winter 1992;43(4):403-410.
30. Purdy, Phil. A Review on Goat Sperm Cryopreservation. Small Ruminant Research 2006;63: 215-225.
31. Royere D, Barthelemy C, Hamamah S, Lansac J. Cryopreservation of spermatozoa: a review. Human Reproduction Update 1996;2(6): 553-559.
32. Watson PF. Artificial insemination and the preservation of semen. In: Lamming G, ed. Marshall’s physiology of reproduction. Edinburgh, London: Churchill Livingstone 1990;747-869.
33. Hallak J, Maharan A, Chae J, Agarwal AJ. The effects of cryopreservation on semen from men with sarcoma or carcinoma. J Assist Reprod Genet 2000; 17:218-221.
34. Holt WV. Fundamental aspects of sperm cryobiology: The importance of species and individual differences. Theriogenology 2000;53:47-58.
35. Tomlinson M, Sakkas D. Is a review of standard procedures for cryopreservation needed? Safe and effective cryopreservation -should sperm banks and fertility centers move toward storage in nitrogen vapour? Human Reproduction 2000;15(12): 2460-2463.
36. Hammerstedt R.H., Graham J.K., Nolan J.P. Cryopreservation of mammalian sperm: what we ask them to survive. Journal of Andrology 1990; 11: 173- 188.
37. Glassman A.B., Bennett C.E. Cryopreservation of human lymphocytes: a brief review and evaluation of an automated liquid nitrogen freezer. Transfusion 1979; 19(2): 178-181.
38. Nikolettos N, Asimakopoulos B, Simnopoulou M., Al-Hasani S., Diedrich K. Gonadotropin releasing hormone antagonists and cryopreservation outcome: a review. Journal Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 2004; 270(2): 69-73.
39. Seeling AS, Safa Al-Hasani VD, Katalinic A, Schopper B, Sturm R, Dietrich K, Ludwig M. Comparison of cryopreservation outcome with gonadotropin releasing hormone antagonists in the collecting cycle. Fertility and Sterility. 2002;77(3):372-475.
40. Tom D.R. Lloyd, Samantha Orr, Paul Skett, David P, Berry, Ashley R. Dennison. Cryopreservation of hepatocytes: a review of current methods for banking. Journal Cell and Tissue Banking 2003;4(1): 3-15.
41. Li AP, Chuang LV, Brent LA, Pham C, Fackett A, Charles E, Ruegg, Silber PM. Cryopreserved human hepatocytes: characterization of drug metabolizing activities and applications interactions in higher through put screening assays for hepato-toxicity, metabolic stability and drug interaction potential. Chemico-Biological Interactions 1999; 121(1): 17-35.
42. Duthie SJ, Pirie L, A. McE. Jenkinson, Narayaman S. Cryopreserved versus freshly isolated lymphocytes in human biomonitoring: endogenous and induced DNA damage, antioxidant status and repair capability. Mutagenesis. 2002; 17(3):211-214.
43. A D’Angelo. Embryo freezing for preventing ovanan hyperstimulation syndrome. Med Scap Latest News CME Conferences Resource Centers Patient Ed. Cochrane Rev Abstract 2006.
44. Hughes E, Brown J, Collins JJ, Vanderkerchove P. Cloniphane citrate for unexplained subfertility in women. Cochrane Database of systematic Reviews 2010; Issue 1, Art No. CD000057. DOI:I0.1002114651858. CD000057.pub2.
45. Ludwig M, Katalinic A, Diedrich K. Use of GnRH antagonists in ovarian stimulation for assisted reproductive technologies compared to the long protocol meta-analysis. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2001 ;265: 175-182.
46. O’Angelo A, Amso NN, Embryo freezing for preventing ovanan hyperstimulation syndrome. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007; Issue 3, Art. No.: CD002806. DOI:I0.1002114651858. CD002806.pub2.
47. Fitzmaurice GJ, Boyjan C, Me Clure N. Are pregnancy rates compromised following embryo freezing to prevent OHSS? Ulster Med J 2008;77(3): 164-167.
48. Jacobson TZ, Duffy JMN, Barlow D, Farqahar C, Koninc PR, Olive D. Laproscopic surgery for sub fertility associated with endometriosis. Cochrane Database of systematic Reviews 2010, Issue 1. Art No. CD001398 DOI:10.100211265183.CD001398.pub2.
49. D’Angelo A, Amso N. Embryo freezing for preventing ovanan hyperstimulation syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007; 3: CD002806.
50. Clarke G. Sperm cryopreservation: is there a significant risk of cross contamination? Hum Reprod 1999;14:2941-2943.
51. Clarke GN, Bourne H, Baker HWG. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection for treating infertility associated with sperm autoimmunity. Fertil Steril 1997;68: 112-117.
52. Clarke GN, Bourne H, Hill P, et al. Artificial insemination and in-vitro fertilization using donor spermatozoa: a report on 15 years of experience. Hum Reprod 1997; 12:722-726.
53. Attarian H, Fing Z, Bucker CD, Macleod B, Rowley SD. Long-term cryopreservation of bone marrow for autologous transplantation. Bone marrow transplant. 1996;17(3): 425-30.
54. Re A, Vijayaraghavan K, Basade MM, He S, Gulati SC. Long-term cryopreservation: successful trilineage engraftment after autologous bone marrow transplantation with bone marrow cryopreserved for seven years. J Hematother 1998 April;7(6): 185-8.
55. Rowley SD. Hematopietic stem cell processing and cryopreservation. Journal of Clinical Apheresis 1992;7(3): 132-134.
56. Fountain D, Ralston M, Higgin N, Gortin JB, Wheeler C. Liquid nitrogen freezers: a potential source of Microbial contamination of hematopoetic stem cell components. Transfusion 37(6):585-591.
57. Gluckman E. Current status of umbilical cord blood hematopietic stem cell transplantation. Experimental Hematology 2000;28(11): 1197-1205.
58. Navarro Costa P, Correia SC, Gouveia -Oliveira A, Negreiro F, Jorge S, Cidadao AJ, Carvalho MJ, Plarcha CE. Effects of Mouse ovarian tissue cryopreservation on granulosa cell oocyte interaction. Human Reprod 2005; 20(6): 1607-1614.
59. Canipari R. Oocyte-granulosa cell interactions. Hum Reprod Update 2000;6(3):279-289.
60. Sauvat F, Capito C, Savanacki S, Parivot C, Bachelot A, Meduri G, Dandolo L, Binavt N. Immature cryopreserved ovary restores puberty and fertility in mice ithout alteration of epigenetic marks. PLOS ONE 2008;3( 4):e1972.
61. Birmingham, Alabama “Ovarian tissue and oocyte cryopreservation. Fertile Steril 2006;5: S 142-7.
62. Gosden RG, Baipd DT, Wade JC, Webb R. Restoration of fertility to oophorectomized sheep by ovarian allografts stored at -196 degrees C. Human Reprod 1994;9:593-603.
63. Palmer G, Triantafillou T. Ovarian transplantation and cryopreservation in IVF treatment and infertility. Introductory Review, Cell Science Reviews 1(1):1742- 8130.
64. Fabbri R, Porcu E, Marsella T, Primavera MR, Serocchiole R, Ciotti PM, Magrini O, Verturoli S, Flamigni C. Oocyte cryopreservation. Human Reprod 9(4):597-603.
65. Panis B, Lambardi M. Status of cryopreservation technologies in plant (crops and forest trees). The role of biotechnology, villa guatino, turin, Italy 5-7 March, 2005.
