AGE ESTIMATION USING DEVELOPMENT OF THIRD MOLARS IN 14- 24 YEARS AGE GROUP: A RADIOLOGICAL STUDY
Keywords:
Third molar tooth, Age estimation, Chronological age, forensic dentistryAbstract
Background: Age estimation is important not only for identifying unknown dead bodies in the context of criminal situations or mass disasters but also for living individuals in medico-legal such as rape, child labor, child marriage, sports and accidents in cases of legal immigrants. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional prospective study was conducted in the Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, in association with Radiology Department, S.P. Medical College, Bikaner (Rajasthan) after taking Institutional ethics committee approval to conduct the study. The study comprised of 136 randomly selected subjects age ranging from 14 to 24 years. High quality Orthopantomogram (OPG) radiographs were taken after taking informed consent. Results: Mean age of all developmental stages (A- H) is lower in males as compared to females but difference is statistically insignificant. Individuals with third molars at the G and H stages are likely above 18 years while those at D, E and F are likely below 18 years. Conclusion: Tooth is one of the few predictors available for the assessment of age in the 16– 23 year age group and root maturity in the third molar may be one marker that indicates an individual is at least 18 years of age.
References
Mani SA, Naing L, John J, Samsudin AR (2008) Comparison of two methods of dental age estimation in 7–15 years old Malaysians. Int J Paediatr Dent2008;18: 380-388.
Mishra G. Lip prints. UP State Dent J. 2008;25:18- 22.
Demirjian A, Goldstein H, Tanner JM. A new system of dental age assessment. Hum Biol. 1973; 45:211-27.
Verma P, Sachdeo J, Verma KG, Gupta SD, Guruprasad R. Age Estimation of Adolescents and Young Adults based on Development of Mandibular Third Molars: A Panoramic Study. Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology. 2011;23(1):9-13.
Hagg U, Matsson L. Dental maturity as an indicator of chronological age. The accuracy and precision of three methods. Eur J Orthod. 1985;7:25-34.
Rai B, Kaur J, Anand SC. Mandibular third molar development staging to chronologic age and sex in North Indian children and young adults. J Forensic Odontostomatol. 2009;27:45 9.
Bhat VJ, Giridhar K. Age estimation from the root development of mandibular third molars. Medicolegal update. 2004;4(4):127-30.
Prieto JL, Barberia E, Ortega R, Magana C. Evaluation of chronological age based on third molar development in the Spanish population. Int J Legal Med 2005;119(6):349-54.
Darji J A, Govekar G, Kalele SD, Hariyani H. Age Estimation from Third Molar Development: A Radiological Study. J Indian Acad Forensic Med.
;33(2):36-40.
Naik S B, Patil S N, Kamble S D, Mowad T, Motghare Pavan. Reliability of Third Molar Development for Age Estimation by Radiographic Examination (Demirjian’s Method). Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2014;8(5):25-8.
Priyadharshini KI, Idiculla JJ, Sivapathasundaram B, Mohanbabu V, Augustine D, Patil S. Age estimation using development of third molars in South Indian population: A radiological study. J Int Soc Prevent Communit Dent. 2015;5:32- 8.
Mathew AL, Cherian SA, Mathew R. Chronological Age Estimation Based on Mandibular Third Molar Development from Digital Panoramic Radiograph in a South Kerala Population. J Ora Med. 2017;1(1:12):1-3.
Abirami Arthanari, Shaan Raj S, U. Jagdish Kamal Chander, Sinduja Palati. Age Estimation Using Third Molar Eruption Stages and Its Maturation – A Retrospective Study among South Indian Population. J Punjab Acad Forensic Med Toxicol. 2022;22(1):106- 111.
Sismana Y, Uysalb T, Yagmurc F, Ramoglud SI. Thirdmolar development in relation to chronologic age in Turkish children and young adults. Angle orthodontist. 2007; 77(6): 1040-1045.
Melo M, Ata-Ali F, Ata-Ali J, Martinez Gonzalez JM, Cobo T. Demirjian and Cameriere methods for age estimation in a Spanish sample of 1386 living subjects. Sci Rep. 2022 Feb 18;12(1):2838.
Gunst K, Mesotten K, Carbonez A, Willems G. Third molar root development in relation to chronological age: a large sample sized retrospective study. Forensic Science International. 2003;136:52–7.
Mario Silva Branco, Dinis Pestana,Cristiana Palmela Pereira. Medico-Legal Age Estimation in Living Individual from a Portuguese Population: Third Molar Mineralization. J Forensic Res. 2012; 3(5):149- 156.
Szilvia A, Mitsuyoshi I, Naofumi Y. Radiographic survey of third molar development in relation to chronological age among Japanese juveniles. J forensic sci. 2004;49(3):1-5.
Shivraj Mane, Girish Gutte, Chandrakant Dode. A study of gender wise variation in eruption of third molar teeth by radiological method. MedPulse International Journal of Forensic Medicine. 2017;3(2):24-7.
Garg V, Dhattarwal S K, Sharma R K, Khanagwal V, Jakhar J K. Age estimation from third molar teeth in an urban population of North India. J Indian Acad
Forensic Med. 2019;41(2):120-123.
Jaafar JA, Jamal AT. Chronological age estimation in adolescent and young adult subjects in relation to mandibular third molar development using digital panoramic image. J Bagh Coll Dentistry. 2012; 24(2): 47- 50.
Kullman L. Accuracy of two dental and one skeletal age estimation methods in Swedish adolescents. Forensic Sci Int. 1995;75:225 36.
Rai B, Kaur J, Anand SC. Mandibular third molar development staging to chronologic age and sex in North Indian children and young adults. J Forensic Odontostomatol 2009;27:45 9.
Lewis AJ, Boaz K, Nagesh KR, Srikant N, Gupta N, Nandita KP, et al. Demirjian’s method in the estimation of age: A study on human third molars. J Forensic Dent Sci. 2015;7:153-7.
Rani Anju, Khanna SK, Mittal AK, Harpreet Grewal, Behera C. Age Estimation by Clinico Radiological Examination of Third Molar Teeth: A Study from Delhi. J Indian Acad Forensic Med. 2014;36(4):349-354.
Chandramohan M, Shankar S, Hidhayathulla Shaikh, Vinay S, Ashwini OR, Murali K. Estimation of age using third molars among Indian juveniles: a retrospective analysis using panoramic radiographs. Journal of Oral Health Research. 2010;1(3):113-17.
Mohammed RB, Koganti R, Kalyan SV, Tircouveluri S, Singh JR, Srinivasulu E. Digital radiographic evaluation of mandibular third molar for age estimation in young adults and adolescents of South Indian population using modified Demirjian’s method. J Forensic Dent Sci. 2014;6:191-6.
Ravi Teja C, Kiran Kumar K, Indira M, Sridhar Reddy G, Chandrasekhar P, et al. A Study to Estimate Age Using Third Molar Development in a South Indian Population. Int J Dent Oral Health. 2015; 1(6).
Boonpitaksathit T, Hunt N, Roberts G J, Petrie A, Lucas V S. Dental age assessment of adolescents and emerging adults in United Kingdom Caucasians using censored data for stage H of third molar roots. European Journal of Orthodontics. 2011;33:503–8.
Khosronejad A, Navabi M, Sakhdari S, Rakhshan V. Correlation between chronological age and third molar developmental stages in an Iranian population (Demirjian method). Dent Res J. 2017;14:143-9.
Shankar S, Arun Kumar Prasad P, Ashwini O R. Age Estimation Using Third Molars Among Indian Juveniles: A Retrospective Analysis. Journal of the Indian Association of Public Health Dentistry. 2011; 17(1):237-40.
