Influence of Thermal Stress and Seasonal Variations on Basal and Post-Service Progesterone Profile in Postpartum Dairy Cows under the Humid Tropical Climate
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48165/ijar.2024.45.02.7Keywords:
Crossbred Cow, Fertility, Progesterone, Season, Thermal stressAbstract
The present study of progesterone (P4) levels and its seasonal variations intended to assess the influence of thermal stress (TS) on the postpartum PP fertility of cows. Seasonal variations of basal and post-service (PS) P4 levels were compared with climatic variables and stress indicators in serum. Basal and three PS interval P4 levels did not vary significantly between seasons, whereas the mean P4 level of PS intervals varied significantly between seasons with the lowest during summer. Also, P4 levels showed significant seasonal variation in conceived animals with the highest value before summer. While basal P4 levels showed a significant negative correlation with ambient temperature, PS P4 levels did not show a significant correlation with climatic, physical, and biological parameters studied. It is concluded that even though ovaries are functional throughout the early PP period, seasons of TS appear to suppress progesterone secretion and fertility performance of cross-bred dairy cows under the humid tropical climate.
References
Abdalla, H., Elghafghuf, A., Elsohaby, I. and Nasr, M.A.F. (2017). Maternal and non-maternal factors associated with late embryonic and early fetal losses in dairy cows. Theriogenology, 100: 16–23.
Dash, S., Chakravarty, A.K., Singh, A., Upadhyay, A., Singh, M. and Yousuf, S. (2016). Effect of heat stress on reproductive performances of dairy cattle and buffaloes: A review. Vet. World., 9(3): 235 - 244.
De-Rensis, F., Lopez-Gatius, F., Ispierto, I.G., Morini, G. and Scaramuzzi, R.J. (2017). Causes of declining fertility in dairy cows during the warm season. Theriogenology, 91: 145 - 153.
El-hamd, M.A.A., Kadoom, A. K., Fouad, W. F. M and Hassouna, S. H. (2019). Relationship between serum progesterone and
estradiol-17β and embryonic loss in Fresian cows under Egyptian condition, Indian J. Anim. Reprod., 40: 12-15. El-Tarabany, M.S. and El-Tarabany, A.A. (2015). Impact of maternal heat stress at insemination on the subsequent reproductive performance of Holstein, Brown Swiss, and their crosses. Theriogenology, 1523 - 1529.
Gomez, N.A., Conley, A.J. and Robinson, P.H. (2018). Effects of long-term, near-term, and real-time energy balance and blood progesterone concentrations on the pregnancy rate of contemporary dairy cows. Anim. Reprod. Sci., 189: 136 - 145.
Hansen, P.J. (2009). Effects of heat stress on mammalian repro duction. Philosophical Transactions Royal Soc. Bio. Sci., 364: 3341 - 3350.
ICAR-NIANP. (2013). Nutrient requirements of animals- Cattle and Buffalo. Indian council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi. 58 p
Kutty C. I., Harshan H. M., Becha, B, B., Abdul-Azeez C. P., Promod K. and Sunanda C. (2023). Thermal Stress Associated Serum Factors and the Influence of Weather Parameters in Crossbred Dairy Cows Under Humid Tropics. European J. Vet. Med., 3: 1-17.
Kutty, C. I. (2021). Uniqueness of seasons in Kerala – impli cations on thermal stress and productivity of animals in Kerala. J. Vet. Anim. Sci., 52: 48 – 54.
Lopez-Gatius, F., Lopez-Bejar, M., Fenech, M. and Hunter, R.H. (2005). Ovulation failure and double ovulation in dairy cattle: risk factors and effects. Theriogenology, 63: 1298 - 1307.
Macias-Cruz, U., Gastelum, M.A., Alvarez, F.D., Correa, A., Diaz, R., Meza-Herrera, C.A. and Avendano-Reyes, L. (2016). Effects of summer heat stress on physiological vari ables, ovulation and progesterone secretion in Pelibuey ewes under natural outdoor conditions in an arid region. Anim. Sci. J., 87: 354 - 360.
Siregar, T.N., Wajdi, F., Akmal, M., Fahrimal, Y., Adam, M., Panjaitan, B. and Meutia, N. (2017). Embryonic death incidents due to heat stress and the effect of therapy with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in Aceh cattle. Veterinarija Ir Zootechnika, 75: 70 - 74.
Starbuck, M.J., Dailey, R.A. and Inskeep, E.K. (2004). Factors affecting retention of early pregnancy in dairy cattle. Anim. Reprod. Sci., 84: 27 - 39.
Wolfenson, D., Roth, Z. and Meidan, R. (2000). Impaired repro duction in heat-stressed cattle: basic and applied aspects. Anim. Reprod. Sci., 60: 535 - 547.
