Physiological basis of sunburn development and its management in capsicum

Authors

  • Farooq A Khan Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar-190025, J&K, India.
  • Sumati Narayan Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar-190025, J&K, India.
  • Khursheed Ahmad Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar-190025, J&K, India.
  • aheemullah Khan Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar-190025, J&K, India.
  • Mohammad Amir LPU, Phagwara, Kapurthala - 144411 (Punjab)
  • Astha RVSKVV, Gwalior - 474002 (M.P.), India.
  • Moinuddin SGRR University, Dehradun - 248121 (Uttrakhand) India.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48165/jefa.2024.19.01.10

Keywords:

Capsicum, carotenoid, chlorophyll, chl: car ratio, sunburn, kaolin

Abstract

The present investigation was carried out at SKUAST-K, Shalimar, Srinagar during the years 2019 and 2020 to understand the response of five capsicum varieties/hybrids to sunburn development under high temperature and light intensity, their physiological bases and management strategies. Results indicated that California Wonder (CW) showed lowest sunburn incidence (11.5%) and severity (2.5), while Shalimar Capsicum Hybrid I (SCHI) resulted in highest sunburn incidence (27.8%) and severity (3.8) without any kaolin spray. CW also showed lower level of chlorophyll (0.58mg g-1) and higher level of carotenoid (0.17mg g-1) with low chl: car ratio (3.4) compared to a higher level of chlorophyll (0.70mg g-1) with lower level of carotenoid (0.07mg g-1) and higher chl: car ratio (10.0). These genotypes viz., CW and SCHI, were foliar sprayed with different levels of kaolin and spray of kaolin (4.0%) proved as most effective treatment in reducing the sunburn incidence and severity in both the genotypes. Sunburn incidence and severity were reduced from 19.7 to 7.7 per cent and 3.2 to 1.7, respectively. Therefore, foliar application of 4.0 per cent kaolin may be used to reduce the sunburn incidence in capsicum. 

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Anonymous. 2021. Sunburn in fruiting vegetables and fruit crops and sunburn protection. Weekly Crop Update, UD Cooperative Extension, University of Delaware. https:// sites.udel.edu/weeklycropupdate/?p=18732.

Aronn, D. 1949. Copper enzymes isolated chloroplasts, polyphenoloxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiology, 24: 1- 15.

Contreras, C., Zoffoli, J.P., Alcalde, J.A. and Ayala, M. 2008. Evolucion del dano por insolacion de manzanas ‘Granny Smith’ durante el almacenaje refrigerado. Ciencia e Investigacion Agraria, 35: 147-157.

Gambetta, J.M., Holzapfel, B.H., Stoll, M. and Friedel, M. 2020. Sunburn in grapes: A review. Frontiers in Plant Science, 11: 604691. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.604691.

Gomez, K.A. and Gomez, A.A. (eds) 1984. Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research. 2nd Edition, John Wiley and Sons, New York. P 680.

Hanrahan, I., Schmidt, T.R. and McFerson, J. 2009. Comparison of commercial sunburn protection products. HortScience, 44: 1084-1085.

Hiscox, J.D. and Israelstam, G.F. 1979. Erratum: A method for the extraction of chlorophyll from leaf tissue without maceration. Canadian Journal of Botany, 57: 1332-1334.

Karlik, J.F., Goodell, P.B. and Osteen, G.W. 1995. Improved mite sampling may reduce acaricide use in roses. California Agriculture, 49: 38-40.

Lolicato, S. 2011. Sun protection for fruit. A practical manual for preventing sunburn on fruit. Farm Services Victoria, Department of Primary Industries, Victoria, Australia.

Lurie, S., Pesis, E. and Ben-Arie, R. 1991. Darkening of sunscald on apples in storage is a non-enzymatic and non-oxidative process. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 1: 119-125.

Miller, J.M., Perry, J.P. and Borlaug, N.E. 1957. Control of sunscald and subsequent buprestid damage in Spanish cedar plantations in Yucatan. Journal of Forestry, 55: 185-188.

Prohens, J., Miro, R., Rodrýguez-Burruezo, A., Chiva, S., Verdu, G. and Nuez, F. 2004. Temperature, electrolyte leakage, ascorbic acid content and sunscald in two cultivars of pepino, Solanum muricatum. Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 79: 375-379.

Rabinowitch, H.D., Ben-David, B. and Friedman, M. 1986. Light is essential for sunscald induction in cucumber and pepper fruits, whereas heat conditioning provides protection. Scientia Horticulturae, 29: 21-29.

Racsko, J. and Schrader, L.E. 2012: Sunburn of apple fruit: Historical background, recent advances and future perspectives. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 31: 455-504.

Racsko, J., Nagy, J., Szabo, Z., Major, M. and Nyeki, J. 2005. The impact of location, row direction, plant density and rootstocks on sunburn damage of apple cultivars. International Journal of Horticultural Science, 11: 19-30.

Farooq A. Khan, Sumati Narayan, Khursheed Ahmad, Faheemullah Khan, Mohammad Amir, Astha and Moinuddin x`Racsko, J., Wand, S.J.E., Lakatos, L., Miller, D.D., Soltesz, M., Szabo, Z., Nyeki, J. and Costa, C. 2011. A survey of cultivar/ rootstock and orchard management factors influencing the incidence of sunburn damage on apple fruit in Hungary and South Africa. Acta Horticulturae, 903: 1041-1048.

Rustioni, L., Rocchi, L., Guffanti, E., Cola, G. and Failla, O. 2014. Characterization of grape (Vitis vinifera L.) berry sunburn symptoms by reflectance. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 62: 3043–3046. 10.1021/jf405772f, PMID.

Schrader, L.E., Zhang, J. and Duplaga, W.K. 2001. Two types of sunburn in apple caused by high fruit surface (peel) temperature. Plant Health Progress, doi: 10.1094/PHP-2001- 1004-01-RS.

Schrader, L.E., Zhang, J. and Sun, J. 2003. Environmental stresses that cause sunburn of apple. Acta Horticulturae, 618: 397- 405.

Singh, G., Nath, V., Pandery, S.D., Ray, P.K. and Singh, H.S. 2012. The Litchi : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 181p.

Woolf, A.B. and Ferguson, I.B. 2000. Postharvest responses to high fruit temperatures in the field. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 21: 7-20.

Yoo, J., Sepulveda, G., Rudell, D. and Torres, C.A. 2023. Comparative analysis of metabolic differences between sunburn and sunscald disorder on ‘Packham’s triumph’ pear. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 195: 112153.

Downloads

Published

2024-01-19

Issue

Vol. 19 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Eco-Friendly Agriculture (Jan-Jun)2024

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Khan, F.A., Narayan, S., Ahmad, K., Khan, aheemullah, Amir, M., Astha, & Moinuddin. (2024). Physiological basis of sunburn development and its management in capsicum. Journal of Eco-Friendly Agriculture, 19(1), 55–59. https://doi.org/10.48165/jefa.2024.19.01.10
Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC