Criminal behavior – Ayurvedic perspective

Thasni M; Jithesh M

doi:10.48165/

Authors

Thasni M MD Scholar, Manovigyan Avum Manasroga, Department of Kayachikitsa, VPSV Ayurveda college, Kottakkal Author
Jithesh M Professor and HOD, Department of Kayachikitsa, VPSV Ayurveda College, Kottakkal Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48165/

Keywords:

Crime, born traits, Satva, Prakrithi, Ahara, prevention, rehabilitationrules

Abstract

Crime is an intentional commission of an act usually deemed socially harmful or dangerous and specifically defined, prohibited, and punishable under criminal law. It is unquestionably one of the prevailing and worrying aspect in most of the societies. Criminal behaviour is often a difficult topic to discuss, as there are different variables that must be taken into account in order to truly define and obtain a thorough understanding of the concept. It is often a matter of debate whether the criminals are born bad or made bad. The born traits alone do not inevitably lead to crime and the circumstances do not make criminals of everyone; but together they create a population responsible for a large fraction of crimes. The intentions and attitude of indulging into criminal behaviour is dominated by the personality, attitude, physiology, learning, motivation, thinking and other cognitive factors. In, Ayurveda the criminality can be explained under the concept of Prajnaparadha. In Prajnaparadha we do things without discriminating as to whether an action is favourable or harmful. Ayurveda have directly and indirectly discussed the concepts of criminal behaviour in various contexts like Anna Raksha Adhyaya, Dashavidha Papa karma etc. Hints about the evolutionary aspects of deviant behaviors are discussed in the context where Charaka discusses 3 types of Satvas – Deva, Manusha and Pashu. The born behavioral patterns are further explained in the context where Saatvikadi prakrithi is explained. Chandogyopanishad and Bhagavath Geetha also provides references regarding the role of Ahara and the behavioral patterns. Ayurveda also explains the psychopathological causation of crime under the context of Unmada. Ayurveda offers a number of practical and powerfully effective tools for balancing common disturbances of the mental and emotional realm.

This paper makes a humble effort to discuss the different aspects of criminal behavior, the primary, secondary and tertiary preventive strategies and rehabilitation along with the parallel concepts in Ayurveda.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Scott, John, and Gordon Marshall. 2005. A dictionary of sociology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

https://theamikusqriae.com/forensic-psychology-and-law in-india

https://ncrb.gov.in/en/crime-india

Lombroso, Cesare, and Henry P. Horton. Crime, Its Causes and Remedies. Montclair, N.J: Patterson Smith, 1968. Print.

Roeckelein, Jon E. (1998)."Sheldon's type theory". Dictionary of Theories, Laws, and Concepts in Psychology. Greenwood. pp. 427– 428. ISBN 9780313304606.

Gosavi S R , Gajbe U L, Meshram S W , Chimurkar V K . Cytogenetic study in criminals (Murderers): Role of XYY chromosome in criminality.Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research [serial online] 2009 December [cited: 2009 December 7]; 3:1911-1914.

Sohrabi: The criminal gene: the link between MAOA and aggression (REVIEW). BMC Proceedings 2015 9(Suppl 1):A49

Reddy KJ, Menon KR, Hunjan UG. Neurobiological aspects of violent and criminal behaviour: deficits in frontal lobe function and neurotransmitters 1. International Journal of Criminal Justice Sciences. 2018;13(1):44.

Boag S. Ego, drives, and the dynamics of internal objects. Front Psychol. 2014 Jul 1;5:666. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00666. PMID: 25071640; PMCID: PMC4076885.

Akers, R. L., Krohn M., Lanza-Kaduce L., Radosevich, M. (1979). Social learning and deviant behavior: a specific test of a general theory, American Sociological Review 44: 636-655.

C. R. Jeffery, Criminal Behavior and Learning Theory, 56 J. Crim. L. Criminology & Police Sci. 294 (1965) 12. Freeman J. The relationship between lower intelligence, crime and custodial outcomes: a brief literary review of a vulnerable group. Vulnerable Groups & Inclusion. 2012 Jan 1;3(1):14834.

Sikand M, Reddy KJ. Role of Psychosocial Factors in Criminal Behaviour in Adults in India. International Journal of Criminal Justice Sciences. 2017 Jan 1;12(1).

Abbaszadeh S. Habitual crime’s factors. International Journal of Humanities and Cultural Studies (IJHCS) ISSN 2356-5926. 2016 Jun 10:1205-13.

https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/Digitization/46656NCJR S.pdf

Ghiasi N, Azhar Y, Singh J. Psychiatric Illness And Criminality. [Updated 2021 Apr 30]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537064/

Shastri K, Astanga Sangraha of Vagbhata(2), Kalpasthan , Annaraksha Vidhi Adhyaya, 8/ 16; Choukhamba Krishnadas Academy, 2009.pp.173.

Murthy K.R , Ashtanga HridayaVol.I A.H.Su.2/21-24 Choukhamba Krishnadas Academy, Edition 10th , 2014.pp.26

Sharma RK, Bhagwan Dash. Caraka Samhita (English translation) Vol II. (Shareerasthana Chp1). Varanasi; Chowkhamba Sanskrit Series Office;2008.p.336.

Goyantika, J, Srimad Bhagwad Gita , Hindi commentary Tatv-vivechani,Chapter2/Verse 62-63,2008.pp.67 21. Dash B. Caraka Samhita of Agnivesa, Sarira Sthana; Katidhapurusiya Sarira: Chapter1, Verse 102. Varanasi: Choukhambha Sanskrit Series, 1994; 337

Shastri K, Charak-Samhita, (Vidyotini Hindi commentary), Shareerasthana 4/36, Chaukhambha Sanskrita Sansthan, Varanasi;2008.pp.546

Shastri A. Susruta Samhita (Ayurveda Tattva Sandipika Hindi commentary), Part-I. Sharirsthana Chapter 1/18Varanasi: Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan; 2012.

Shastri K, Charak-Samhita, (Vidyotini Hindi commentary), Chakrapanidatta commentary, Shareerasthana 8/21Chaukhambha Sanskrita Sansthan, Varanasi;2012.

Goyantika, J, Srimad Bhagwad Gita , Hindi commentary Tatv-vivechani,17/7, 2008.pp. 824

Acharya YT, Charaka samhitha of Charaka, Nidana Sthana, chapter 7, verse no.4, 2nd edition; Varanasi; Chaukamba Prakashan; 1992.pp. 222

Brantingham PJ, Faust FL. A conceptual model of crime prevention. Crime & delinquency. 1976 Jul;22(3):284-96. 28. Murthy K.R, Astang Hridaya, Shareer Sthana, 1/3 Chaukhamba Krishnadas Acadamy, Varanasi;2014.pp.366.

Acharya YT, Charaka samhitha of Charaka, Nidana Sthana, chapter 7, verse no.52, 2nd edition; Varanasi; Chaukamba Prakashan; 1992.pp.343

Sharma PV. Araka Samhita Agnivesa’s Sutrastana Chapter 7 verse 27 . Chaukhamba orientalia; 2014.pp.50 31. Tripathi B Charak Samhita with Charak Chandrika Hindi commentary, Sutra Sthana8(31): Chaukhamba Surbharti Prakashan, Sutra Sthana, 2007.pp.206.

Sharma R.K., Charaka Samhita (based on Cakrapani Dutta’s Ayurveda Dipika),Vol.III, 1:4/31-35Varanasi, Chaukambha Sanskrit series office, Varanasi, 2015.pp. 31.

https://ncrb.gov.in/sites/default/files/psi_table_and_chapte r_report/CHAPTER-10-2017.pdf

Dwevedi L, Caraka Samhita of Maharsi Agnivesa, Part-I, Sutrasthan 11/54 3rd ed. Varanasi: Chowkhamba Krishnadas Academy; 2014.pp.273.

Dwevedi L, Caraka Samhita of Maharsi Agnivesa, Part-I, Sarirsthan. 1st chapter verse 20. 3rd ed. Varanasi: Chowkhamba Krishnadas Academy; 2014.pp.958.