Digestibility, Nutritive Value and Nutrient Intake of Total Mixed Ration Incorporated with Rumen Protected and Free Lysine Methionine in Crossbred Heifer Calves

Authors

  • Akash M Sutariya Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Anand-388001, Gujarat, India
  • Srushti J Darji Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Anand-388001, Gujarat, India
  • Chirag P Parmar Livestock Research Station, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Anand-388001, Gujarat, India
  • Ashish N Patel Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Anand-388001, Gujarat, India
  • Kamlesh K Sorathiya Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Anand-388001, Gujarat, India
  • Ashish C Patel Department of Animal Genetics & Breeding, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Anand-388001, Gujarat, India
  • Pravin M Lunagariya Associate Professor & Head, Livestock Farm Complex, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Junagadh-362 001, Gujarat, India.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48165/ijvsbt.22.2.28

Keywords:

Crossbred calves, Digestibility of nutrients, Nutrients intake, Nutritive value, Rumen-protected and free lysine and methionine, Total mixed ration.

Abstract

The effect of limiting amino acids (lysine, methionine) on nutrients intake and digestibility was assessed in crossbred heifer calves in four groups of five each for 126 days. The control T1 (control) total mixed ration (TMR) was formulated to have 14.47 % CP, 2.10 Mcal ME/ kg, while T2, T3 and T4 ration had 12.98, 13.24 & 12.99% CP, respectively and same 2.10 Mcal ME/kg. The T2 TMR incorporated 6 and 2 g/ kg dry matter (DM), rumen-protected lysine and methionine, respectively. In T3 ration, the rumen protected lysine and methionine and free lysine and methionine incorporation was @ 6, 2, 3, 1 g/kg DM, and that in T4 ration 3, 1, 3, 1 g/kg DM, respectively. The digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, nitrogen-free extract, neutral detergent fibre, and acid detergent fibre was statistically (p>0.05) similar among all groups. The digestibility of ether extract and crude fibre was significantly improved in T4 and T3 groups of calves receiving rumen-protected and free lysine and methionine compared to control T1, while T2 remained intermediate. The nutritive value in terms of digestible crude protein (DCP) and actual metabolizable energy (AME) was also better of T4 TMR. The nutrient intakes were significantly higher in lysine, methionine supplemented groups (T2, T3, T4), except for digestible crude protein, which was lower, and a consistent significant value was observed in T4 group. The supplementation of rumen-protected and free lysine–methionine (3, 1 g/kg DM TMR, respectively) in reduced protein T4 TMR showed improved ether extract and crude fibre digestibility, superior nutritive value (DCP, AME) of total mixed ration and consistently superior intake of key digestible nutrients in crossbred heifer calves.

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Published

2026-03-10

Issue

Vol. 22 No. 2 (2026): The Indian Journal of Veterinary Sciences and Biotechnology (IJVSBT) (Mar-Apr) 2026

Section

Research Article

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Copyright (c) 2026 Indian Journal of Veterinary Sciences and Biotechnology

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How to Cite

Sutariya, A. M., Darji, S. J., Parmar, C. P., Patel, A. N., Sorathiya, K. K., Patel, A. C., & Lunagariya, P. M. (2026). Digestibility, Nutritive Value and Nutrient Intake of Total Mixed Ration Incorporated with Rumen Protected and Free Lysine Methionine in Crossbred Heifer Calves . Indian Journal of Veterinary Sciences and Biotechnology, 22(2), 153-158. https://doi.org/10.48165/ijvsbt.22.2.28