Epidemiological Evaluation of Femoral Fractures in Cats Presented to Veterinary College Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48165/ijvsbt.22.3.30Keywords:
Cats, Epidemiology, Femoral fractures, Etiology, Long bone fractures.Abstract
Femoral fractures are among the most common appendicular skeletal injuries in cats and are frequently associated with traumatic events. The present study evaluated the occurrence, anatomical distribution, and epidemiological characteristics of femoral fractures in cats presented to the Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Veterinary College, Hebbal, Bengaluru, over a 12 month period. Hospital records were retrospectively analyzed to assess fracture distribution based on anatomical location, age, breed, sex, seasonal trend, and etiology. In addition, 6 clinical cases of femoral fractures were surgically managed using the FixinÒ conical coupling plate (CCP) system. Out of 2985 feline cases, 201 cats were diagnosed with bone fractures, of which femoral fractures were most common (73 cases; 36.32%). Distal diaphyseal fractures (38.73%) and closed fractures (94.52%) predominated. Femoral fractures occurred most frequently in Domestic Short Hair cats (67.12%), males (54.79%), and cats younger than one year of age (73.98%). The highest incidence was recorded in November, and falls from height were the leading etiological factor (46.58%). The study provides valuable epidemiological data on femoral fractures in cats and highlights the influence of age, management practices, and environmental factors on fracture occurrence.
Downloads
References
Abo Soliman, A. A. M., Ahmed, A. E., & Farghali, H. A. M. (2020). Incidence of appendicular bone fracture in dogs and cats: Retrospective study at Veterinary Hospital of Cairo University and some private clinics in Egypt. World Veterinary Journal, 10(4), 638–652.
Bennour, E. M., Abushhiwa, M. A., Ben Ali, L., Sawesi, O. K., et al. (2014). A retrospective study on appendicular fractures in dogs and cats in Tripoli-Libya. Journal of Veterinary Advances, 4(3), 425–431.
Cardoso, C. B., Rahal, S. C., Agostinho, F. S., Mamprim, M. J., Santos, R. R., & Filho, E. S. (2016). Long bone fractures in cats: A retrospective study. Veterinary Zootechnia, 23(3), 504–509.
Cebeci, M. T., & Karslı, B. (2021). Treatment of cats’ distal diaphyseal and supracondylar femur fractures with dynamic intramedullary cross-pinning technique. Harran University Veterinary Faculty Journal, 10(2), 184–190.
Chandler, J. C., & Beale, B. S. (2002). Feline orthopedics. Clinical Techniques in Small Animal Practice, 17(4), 190–203.
Das, B. C., Prasad, A. A., Ayyappan, S., Rao, G. D., Simon, S., Ganesh, R., & Kumar, R. S. (2010). A retrospective study on occurrence of long bone fractures in cats. Indian Journal of Veterinary Surgery, 31(1), 43–44.
Elzomor, S. T., Sheta, E. M. E., Farghali, H. A., & Ashour, A. E. (2014). Prevalence of femoral fractures in dogs and cats. Journal of the Egyptian Veterinary Medical Association, 74(2), 269–278.
Gülaydın, A., & Alkan, İ. (2024). Evaluation of distal femur fractures in cats by hybrid external fixator. Ankara University Veterinary Faculty Journal, 71(1), 89–100.
Keosengthong, A., Kampa, N., Jitpean, S., Seesupa, S., Kunkitti, P., & Hoisang, S. (2019). Incidence and classification of bone fracture in dogs and cats: A retrospective study at Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Khon Kaen University, Thailand (2013–2016). Veterinary Integrative Sciences, 17(2), 127–139.
Libardoni, R. N., Costa, D., Menezes, F. B., Cavalli, L. G., Pedrotti, L. F., Kohlrausch, P. R., Minto, B. W., & Silva, M. A. M. (2018). Classification, fixation techniques, complications and outcomes of femur fractures in dogs and cats: 61 cases (2015–2016). Ciência Rural, 48(6), e20170028.
Lovrić, L., Kreszinger, M., & Pećin, M. (2020). Surgical treatment of canine femoral fractures – A review. World Veterinary Journal, 10(2), 137–145.
Nolte, D. M., Fusco, J. V., & Peterson, M. E. (2005). Incidence of and predisposing factors for nonunion of fractures involving the appendicular skeleton in cats: 18 cases (1998–2002). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 226(1), 77–82.
Ramana, M., Raidurg, R., Nagaraja, B. N., Suresha, L., Murthy, S. K. M., & Ganganaik, S. (2026). Biochemical changes during evaluation of the fixin conical coupling locking plate (CCP) system for repair of femoral fractures in cats. The Indian Journal of Veterinary Sciences & Biotechnology, 22(3), [page numbers].
Reddy, G. V. A., Kumar, V. G., Raghavender, K. B. P., & Kumar, D. P. (2020). Evaluation of haemato-biochemical parameters for assessment of fracture healing in dogs. The Pharma Innovation Journal, SP-9(9), 123–125.
Ruchika. (2024). Supra-cutaneous plating for the repair of tibial shaft fractures in cats (M.V.Sc. Thesis). Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Bidar, Karnataka, India.
Scott, H. (2005). Repair of long bone fractures in cats. In Practice, 27(8), 390–397.
Vasileva, R., & Chaprazov, T. (2022). A five-year retrospective study (2016–2020) on long bone fractures in cats. Trakia Journal of Sciences, 20(1), 45–49.
Vidane, A. S., Elias, M. Z. J., Cardoso, J. M. M., Come, J. A. S., Harun, M., & Ambrósio, C. E. (2014). Incidence of fractures in dogs and cats in Maputo (Mozambique) between 1998 and 2008. Ciência Animal Brasileira, 15(4), 490–494.
Voss, K., Langley-Hobbs, S. J., & Montavon, P. M. (2009). Femur. In Feline orthopaedic surgery and musculoskeletal disease (pp. 455–474). Elsevier, London.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Indian Journal of Veterinary Sciences and Biotechnology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
