Water Quality Assessment of Dal Lake and Impact of STP’s on Health of Dal Lake

Authors

  • Sumaira Qayoom M. Tech Student, Department of Environmental Engineering, RIMT University, Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab, India Author

Keywords:

Dal Lake, Biochemical Oxygen demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen demand (COD), Sewage Treatment plant, FAB Technology

Abstract

Lakes all across the world have been  severely altered or deteriorated at a rate far faster than their  rehabilitation. Dal Lake, in the heart of Srinagar, Jammu  and Kashmir's summer capital, has seen a dramatic decline  in water quality due to anthropogenic stresses over the  previous four decades, rendering it unfit for domestic usage  and aesthetic purposes. The problems of sewage disposal  and contamination of surface waters in lakes are rapidly  rising as a result of urbanization, modernization, and  population development. The discharge of untreated  sewage, agricultural runoff, and silt from adjacent  catchments has degraded the lake's water quality even  more. Variations in water quality can be seen in the physio chemical characteristics of the lake waters. Substances such  as phosphates, nitrates, and chlorides have increased while  the lake's transparency and dissolved oxygen levels have  decreased. The goal of this project is to look into and  explain how sewage treatment plant effluent affects water  quality, as well as to describe the current state of the lake's  water quality. 

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Adnan & Kundangar, Three decades of Dal Lake. 2009; 825- 833 vol 15. Issue 04, 2009; Page No.(825-833)

Adnan Abu Bakr & Kundangar, M.R.D. Ecological Status of Some Floodplain Lakes within Jhelum River basin, Kashmir. Nat. Env. &Poll. Tech. (7) 4: pp719-728. (2008).

Adnan Abu-Bakr & Kundangar, M.R.D. Three decades of Dal Lake pollution – Restoration. Journal of Ecol. Env. & Cons. 15 (4): pp825-833 (2009).

Dugan, R., (1972). Bio-chemical ecology of water pollution. New York: Plenum Publishing Corporation, 1972.

Er. Qazi Tanveer, Er. Kshipra Kapoor, Dr. M.R.D. Kundangar (2017) Impact of Houseboat Sanitation on Ecology and Health of Dal Lake Kashmir. 2347-4718.

Gulzar, B., Balkhi, M. H., Abu-Bakr, A., Bhat, F., Asimi, A. O., & Bhat, B. A. (2020). Distributional pattern of algal/ plankton groups in relation with water quality of Himalayan Dal Lake, Kashmir, India. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 9, 736–740.

JKLAWDA. (1997, 2005, 2010). Jammu and Kashmir lakes and water ways development authority. Technical Reports on Dal Lake, Srinagar.

Kaul, V. (1977). Limnological survey of Kashmir lakes with reference to trophic status and conservation. International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 3, 29–44.

Khanday, S. A., Rom shoo, S. A., Jahangir, A., Sahay, A., & Chauhan, P. (2018). Environ metric and GIS techniques for hydro chemical characterization of the Dal Lake, Kashmir Himalaya, India. Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment 32, 3151–3168.

Kundangar, M. R. D. (2003). Deweeding practices in Dal Lake and their impact assessment studies. Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, 2, 95–103.

Mudasir Ahmad Wani, Ashit Dutta, M. Ashraf Wani, Umer Jan Wani. Towards Conservation of World-Famous Dal Lake – A Need of Hour Volume: 01 Issue: 01 Dec-2014

Murtaza et al. (2010) Physico chemical characteristics of Dal Lake water, temperate Conditions of Kashmir. Forestry Nepal. Org.

Mushtaq, B., Qadri, H., & Yousuf, A. R. (2018). Comparative assessment of limnochemistry of Dal Lake in Kashmir. Journal of Earth Science and Climate Change, 9, 1–7.

Mushtaq, B., Riana, R., Yaseen, T., Wanganeo, A., & Yousuf, A. R. (2013). Variations in the physico-chemical properties of Dal Lake, Srinagar, Kashmir. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 7, 624–633.

PCB (2009) Monitoring of Dal Lake-Nigeen Lake and other water bodies of Kashmir-A status report. May-July-2009, j& K PCB. Schindler, D. W., Carpenter, S. R., Chapra, S. C., Hecky, R. E.,

& Orihel, D. M. (2016). Reducing phosphorus to curb lake eutrophication is a success. Environmental Science and [16] Qayoom, U., Ullah Bhat, S., & Ahmad, I. (2021). Efficiency

evaluation of sewage treatment technologies: Implications on aquatic ecosystem health. Journal of Water and Health, 19, 29–46.

Rabalais, N.N. (2002). Nitrogen in aquatic ecosystems. In: Ambio. Royal Swedish Academy of Science (pp. 102–112). [18] Richards, F.A., Cline, J.D., Broenkow, W.W., & Atkinson, L.P. (1965). Some consequences of the decomposition of organic matter in Lake Nitinat, An Anoxic Fjord. Limnology and Oceanography, 10, R185-R201.

Sarwar, S. G., & Zutshi, D. P. (1987). Primary productivity of periphyton. Geobios, 14, 127–129.

Schindler, D.W., Carpenter, S.R., Chapra, S.C., Hecky, R.E., & Orihel, D.M. (2016). Reducing phosphorus to curb Lake Eutrophication is a success. Environmental Science and Technology, 50, 8923-8929.

Sharma, J.N., Kanakiya, R.S., & Singh, S.K. (2015). Limnological study of water quality parameters of Dal Lake, India. International Journal of Innovation Research and Science Engineering Technology, 4, 380-386.

Trisal, C.L., (1987). Ecology and Conservation of Dal Lake, Kashmir. International Journal of Water Resources Development.

Vass, K. K., & Zutshi, D. P. (1979). Limnological studies on Dal Lake. Morphometry and Physical features. Journal of the Inland Fisheries Society India, 11, 11–20.

Downloads

Published

2022-04-30

Issue

Vol. 9 No. 2 (2022): International Journal of Innovative Research in Engineering & Management (April )2022

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Water Quality Assessment of Dal Lake and Impact of STP’s on Health of Dal Lake . (2022). International Journal of Innovative Research in Engineering & Management, 9(2), 496–502. Retrieved from https://acspublisher.com/journals/index.php/ijirem/article/view/11098