Clinical Diagnosis and Multimodal Management of Rectal Prolapse in Buf faloes: From Chemical to Advanced Surgical Techniques
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48165/ijapm.2026.42.SI.4Keywords:
Rectal prolapse, Surgical resection, Buffalo, Grade IV prolapse, Rectopexy.Abstract
Background: A problem of rectal prolapse in buffaloes is a severe gastrointestinal emergency, which can cause great economic losses, unless it can be addressed in good time. The objective of the study was to compare the clinical diagnosis and multimodal treatment of the rectal prolapse in buffaloes undergoing sophisticated surgical resection. Materials and Methods: The sample number was 50 female buffaloes (5 months to 13 years old) that received rectal protrusion. Clinical classification was made, on the basis of the cases; most of the cases were Grade IV (complete prolapse with necrosis or laceration), and 16% (n=8) were incomplete cases. Surgical resection of the necrotic tissue was undertaken under caudal epidural anesthesia (2% Lidocaine HCl), and a purse-string suture and rectopexy were done afterwards. Results: The surgery produced a 100 % success rate with all the animals being fully recovered after a period of 8 days after surgery. It was found that the main predisposing factors were clinical manifestations of chronic diarrhea, dysuria, and straining by roughage feeding. In Grade IV cases, surgery was mandatory as the edema and tissue damage were severe. The follow-up period did not show any complications or recurrences. Conclusion: Multimodal therapy comprising a surgical resection and rectopexy is a very effective form of treating advanced rectal prolapse (Grade IV) both in the calves and adult buffaloes. The surgical intervention and standardized postoperative treatment such as antibiotics and diet modification can guarantee an excellent prognosis.
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