Exploitation of somaclonal variations in improvement of fruit crops - A review
Keywords:
In vitro propagation, genetic variation, Somaclones, crop improvementAbstract
Clonal propagation through micropropagation is hailed as a revolutionary technology as it can be achieved in a short time and space with limited number of plant propagules. Recent studies have shown that cell or tissue cultures undergo frequent genetic changes. Variants selected in tissue cultures have been referred to "somaclonal variation". Though, genetic variations may be considered obstructive and worthless from the point of clonal fidelity, it opens a window of opportunity for increased genetic variability relatively rapidly and without applying a sophisticated technology, which may itself have numerous applications in plant breeding and genetic improvements. The recovery of novel variants can be enhanced by applying suitable in vitro selection pressure. Tissue culture induced somaclonal variation in fruit crops is similar to variations induced with chemical and physical mutagens, which proffers an opportunity to unearth natural variability for their potential utilization in crop improvement.
Downloads
References
Brar, D.S. and Jain, S.M. 1998. Somaclonal variation: mechanism and applications in crop improvement, in Somaclonal Variation and Induced Mutations in Crop Improvement. edited by S M Jain, D S Brar, & B S Ahloowalia (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht) pp. 1537.
Cassells, A.C. and Curry, R.F. 2001. Oxidative stress and physiological, epigenetic and genetic variability in plant tissue culture: implications for micropropagators and genetic engineers. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture, 64: 145157.
nd Chawla, H.S. 2002. Introduction to plant biotechnology, 2 edition (Science Publishers, En? eld)
Czene, S. and Harms, R.M. 1995. Detection of single-strand breaks and formamidoprymidine-DNA glycosylase sensitive sites in DNA of cultured human ?broblasts. Mutation Research, 336: 235242.
D'amato, F. 1985. Cytogenetics of plant cell and tissue cultures and their regenerants. Critical Reviews in Plant Science, 3: 73-112.
Duncan, R.R. 1997. Tissue culture-induced variation and crop improvement. Advances in Agronomy, 58: 201240. Guo, W., Gong, L., Ding, Z., Li, Y., Li, F., Zhao, S. and Liu, B. 2006. Genomic instability in phenotypically normal regenerants of medicinal plant Codonopsis lanceolata Benth. et Hook. f., as revealed by ISSR and RAPD markers. Plant Cell Reports, 25: 896906
Guo, W., Wu, R., Zhang, Y., Liu, X. and Wang, H. 2007. Tissue culture-induced locus-speci? c alteration in DNA methylation and its correlation with genetic variation in Codonopsis lanceolata Benth. et Hook. f. Plant Cell Reports, 26: 12971307.
Gupta, P.K. 1998. Chromosomal basis of somaclonal variation in plants. in Somaclonal Variation and Induced Mutations in Crop Improvement. edited by SM Jain, DS Brar, BS Ahloowalia (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht), pp. 149168.
Hossain, A.M., Konisho, K., Minami, M. and Nemoto, K. 2003. Somaclonal variation of regenerated plants in
chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Euphytica, 130: 233239.
Jain, S.M. 2001. Tissue culture-derived variation in crop improvement. Euphytica, 118: 153166.
Kaeppler, S.M., Kaeppler, H.F. and Rhee, Y. 2000. Epigenetic aspects of somaclonal variation in plants. Plant Molecular Biology, 43: 179188.
Karp, A. 1994. Origins causes and uses of variation in plant tissue cultures, in Plant cell and tissue culture. edited by IK Vasil, TA Thorpe (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht), 139152.
Karp, A. 2000. Molecular tools for detecting genetic diversity. Acta Horticulturae, 530: 1729.
Kuksova, V.B., Piven, N.M. and Gleba, Y.Y. 1997. Plant cell variation and in vitro induced mutagenesis in grapevine. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture, 49: 1727.
Kuznetsova, O.I., Ash, O.A. and Gostimsky, S.A. 2006. The effect of the duration of callus culture on the accumulation of genetic alternation in pea (Pisum sativum L.). Russian Journal of Genetics, 42: 555562.
Mohanty, S., Panda, M.K., Sahoo, S. and Nayak, S. 2011. Micropropagation of Zingiber rubens and assessment of genetic stability through RAPD and ISSR markers. Biologia Plantarum, 55: 16-20.
Mujib, A., Banerjee, S. and Dev, G.P. 2007. Callus induction, somatic embryogenesis and chromosomal instability in tissue culture-raised hippeastrum (Hippeastrum hybridum cv. United Nations). Propagation of Ornamental Plants, 7: 169174.
Razdan, M. 2003. Introduction to plant tissue culture. 2nd edition (Science publishers Inc, Delhi).
Sahijram, L., Soneji, J. and Bollamma, K. 2003. Analyzing somaclonal variation in micropropagated bananas (Musa spp.). In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology- Plant, 39: 551556.
Shen, X., Chen, J., Kane, M. and Henny, R. 2007. Assessment of somaclonal variation in Dieffenbachia plants regenerated through indirect shoot organogenesis. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture,91: 2127.
Siragusa, M., Carra, A., Salvia, L., Puglia, A., De Pasquale F. and Carimi, F. 2007. Genetic instability in calamondin (Citrus madurensis Lour.) plants derived from somatic embryogenesis induced by diphenylurea derivatives. Plant Cell Reports, 26: 12891296.
Thieme, R. and Griess, H. 2005. Somaclonal variation in tuber traits of potato. Potato Research, 48: 153165. Vazquez, A.M. 2001. Insight into somaclonal variation. Plant Biosystematics, 135: 57-62
Yang, H. and Schmidt, H. 1994. Selection of a mutant from
adventitious shoots formed in X ray treated cherry leaves and differentiation of standard and mutant with RAPDs. Euphytica,77: 89-92.
Yusnita, Widodo, Sudarsono .2005. In vivo selection of peanut somatic embryos on medium containing culture filtrates of Sclerotium rolfsii and plantlet regeneration. Hayati, 12: 50-56.Yusnita, Widodo, Sudarsono .2005. In vivo selection of peanut somatic embryos on medium containing culture filtrates of Sclerotium rolfsii and plantlet regeneration. Hayati, 12: 50-56.
