Morphological and Molecular Variation of Isolates Causing Maydis Leaf Blight in Maize Bipolaris Maydis

K Vignesh; L Vengadeskumar; S Sanjaygandhi; T Sabesan

doi:10.48165/jpds.2023.1801.02

Authors

K Vignesh 3Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture,Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar – 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
L Vengadeskumar 3Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture,Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar – 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
S Sanjaygandhi 3Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture,, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar – 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
T Sabesan Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar – 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48165/jpds.2023.1801.02

Keywords:

Maize, Maydis leaf blight, Bipolaris maydis, BLAST, Variability

Abstract

Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the most adaptable developing crops, adapting to a wide range of agro-climatic conditions. Maize is renowned as the “Queen of Cereals” because it has the largest genetic yield potential of any cereal. Several fungal, bacterial, and viral diseases affect it. Among these is Maydis leaf blight, which is caused by the fungus Bipolaris maydis and causes 40-45% yield loss in maize around the world. The current study attempted to investigate the morphological and molecular variance of Bipolaris maydis isolates. B. maydis identification based solely on micro and macroscopic characteristics and morphological characters may result in inaccurate designation. To identify the proper species, we amplified the 18S rRNA gene region by PCR, sequenced it, and compared it to the NCBI data using BLAST. ITS primers were also used for PCR amplification of ITS sections. The amplified product of the 18S rRNA gene was sequenced and the accession numbers were deposited in Gen Bank. In the present study the results obtained from PCR amplification of ITS region with primer pair of ITS1 and ITS4 produced a gene product of 700 bp confirming the isolatesto be Bipolaris maydis.

References

Agag, S. H., A. M.Sabry, M. G.EL-Samman andM. H. Mostafa, 2021: Pathological and molecular characterization of Magnaporthiopsis maydis isolates causing Late wilt in maize. Egyptian Journal Phytopathology, 49(2): 1 – 9.

Agrios, G. N., 2005: Plant Pathology. 5th edn. Burlington, MA. Elsevier Academic Press.

Alexopoulos, C. J., C. W. Mims and M. Blackwell, 1996: Introductory Mycology. Fourth Edition, John Wiley and Sons, INC.

Ali F., Muneer M, H. Rahman,M. Noor, Durrishahwar,

S. Shaukat and J. B. Yan, 2011: Heritability estimates for yield and related traits based on testcross progeny performance of resistant maize inbred lines. J. Food Agri. Environ., 9: 438-443.

CMI, 1971: Description of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria, Cochlioblous heterostrophus. CAB UK,14, 301.

EL-Bakery, A. M., 2010: Biological control of Cephalosporium maydis the causal organism of the late wilt disease on maize. M. Sc. Thesis(Unpub), Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Egypt, Pp. 125.

FAO STAT 2020 – 2021: FAO Statistical Yearbook 2021, World Foodand Agriculture. Pp. 368.

Hussai, H., F.Raziq,I. Khan, B.Shah, M.Altaf, Altaullah, W.Ullah, A.Nazeem, M.Adnan, K.Junaid,S.R.A. Shah, M. Iqbal, 2016: Effect of Bipolaris maydis (Y. Nisik. & C. Miyake) Shoemaker at various growth stages of different maize cultivars. JEZS, 04: 439- 444.

Kutawa A B., K. Ahmad,A.Ali, M. Z.Hussein, M. A. Wahab, K. Sijam, 2021: State of the art on southern corn leaf blight disease incited by Cochliobolus heterostrophus : detection, pathogenic variability and novel control measures. Bulgarian Journal of AgriculturalScience, 27 (1): 147–155Kutawa, A B., Khairulmazmi Ahmad, Abdulaziz Bashir, Ali Asgar, Syazwan Afif Mohd Zobir, Mohd Aswad Abdul Wahab, 2021: Identification and characterization of pathogen responsible for causing Southern corn leaf blight (SCLB) diseasein Malaysia.International Journal AgriculturalBiology, 2(6): 607 – 616.

Nadeema, A., S. Hussainb, A.Fareedc, M.Fahimd,T. Iqbale, Z. Ahmadf, Saeedullahb, R. Karimg, A. Akbarh, 2021: Genetic variations among the isolates of Bipolaris Maydis based on phenotypic and molecular markers. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 84: 1 – 11.Nazia Manzar., Abhijeet Shankar K, Avantika Maurya, Mahendra Vikram S R, Pawan Kumar Sharma, Alok Kumar Srivastava, Manish Roy, Anil Kumar Saxena, Harsh Vardhan Singh, 2022: Multi- gene phylogenetic approach for identification and diversity analysis of Bipolaris maydis and Curvularia lunata isolates causing Foliar blight of Zeamays. Journalof Fungi, 8:802.Nicholson, P., A. K. Lees, N. Maurin, D. W Parry and H.

N. Rezanoor, 1996: Development of PCR assay to identify and quantify Microdochium nivale var nivale and Microdochium nivale var majus in Wheat. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, 4(8): 257-271.

Oerke, E C., 2006: Crop losses to pests. Journal of Agricultural Science, 14(4): 31- 43.

Prasoon Bharti., Phool Chand and Prince Kumar Gupta, 2020: Effective chemical protection against Maydis Leaf Blight of maize incited by Helminthosporium maydis under the in-vitro and in-vivo condition. International Journal of Chemical Studies, 8(3): 742-748.

Robin Gogoi, Sanjay Singh, Pardeep Kumar Singh, S. Kulanthaivel and S. N. Rai, 2014: Genetic variability in the isolates of Bipolaris maydis causing maydis leaf blight of maize. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 9(24): 1906-

Sahu, D K., C. P. Khare, H. K. Singh and M. P Thakur, 2013: Evaluation of newer fungicide for management of blight of maize in Chhattisgarh. The Bioscan, 8(4): 1255-1259.

Sharma, C. and S N. Rai, 2000: Assessment and quantitative analysis of losses due to Drechslera maydis in maize. In: Proceedings International Conference on Integrated Management for Sustainable Agriculture, Indian Phytopathogical Society, Division of Plant Pathology, IARI, New Delhi. Pp. 247-248.

Vardhan, T V., Sobita Simon and Sunil Zacharia, 2020: Efficacy of bio-agents, botanical extracts and essential oils against southern leaf blight of maize (Zea mays L.). Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 9(1): 842-845.

Zishan, Gul, Khadija Sardar and Ghulam Mujtaba Shah, 2021: Isolation and identification of most prevailing fungal diseases of wheat and maize in tehsil Havelian, District Abbottabad. Acta Scientific Agriculture, 5(8): 06 – 17.