The Role of Competing Reactions in Kinetics of Nonbranched-Chain Addition Processes of Free Radicals to Alkenes and Their Derivatives
Keywords:
Low-Reactive Radical, Autoinhibitor, Competing Reaction, Kinetic Equation, EnergyAbstract
The reaction scheme is suggested for the initiated nonbranched-chain addition of free radicals to the double bonds of the unsaturated compounds. The proposed scheme includes the reaction competing with chain propagation reactions through a reactive free radical. The chain evolution stage in this scheme involves three types of free radicals. One of them is relatively low-reactive and inhibits the chain process by shortening of the kinetic chain length. Based on the suggested scheme, four rate equations (containing one to three parameters to be determined directly) are deduced using quasi-steady-state treatment. These equations provide good fits for the nonmonotonic (peaking) dependences of the formation rates of the molecular products (1:1 adducts) on the concentration of the unsaturated component in binary systems consisting of a saturated component (hydrocarbon, alcohol, etc.) and an unsaturated component (alkene, allyl alcohol, etc.). The unsaturated compound in these systems is both a reactant and an autoinhibitor generating low reactive free radicals. The energetics of the key radical-molecule reactions is considered.
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