A Review on Increasing Soil Carbon Storage: Mechanisms, Effects of Agricultural Practices and Proxies
Keywords:
Agricultural PracticeS, Indicators, Microorganisms, Mineralization, Soil OrganicAbstract
The worldwide 4 per 1000 project seeks to assist governments and non-governmental organizations in their efforts to improve soil carbon (C) stock management. These stocks are depending on soil C emissions and inputs. They are the result of interconnected fine-scale mechanisms that stability or dissolve C carried by biological materials. The Carbo SMS cooperation has drawn together French academics specializing in these phenomena and their influence on C stores in the context of regional and global change since 2016. This article summarizes the first seminar of this partnership. In the first part, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of soil C anchoring methods, which comprise abiotic stresses processes that occur concurrently and interact. Plants (the principal source of carbon via debris but also root systems), microorganisms (fungi and bacteria), and 'environment engineers' all have an impact on soil organic carbon stocks (earthworms, termites, ants). Abiotic mechanisms that are related to soil crystal properties, opacity, and material fraction on the other hand, affect these stocks. We demonstrate how agricultural methods influence soil C stocks in the second half. Land use and management methods affect both biotic and abiotic processes. We address several proxies and models that describe particular processes and their activity. In diverse soil and environmental situations, as well as how to incorporate them into large-scale models to improve soil C stock change estimates. Furthermore, this literature review highlights future scientific investigations targeted at preserving or even increasing C stocks, with a focus on procedures, farming practices' effects on them, and C inventory forecasting models.
Downloads
References
A. M. Bolger et al., “Computational aspects underlying genome to phenome analysis in plants,” Plant Journal. 2019. [2] D. J. McClements and L. Grossmann, “The science of plant based foods: Constructing next-generation meat, fish, milk, and egg analogs,” Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety. 2021.
G. F. Veen, E. L. Fry, F. C. ten Hooven, P. Kardol, E. Morriën, and J. R. De Long, “The Role of Plant Litter in Driving Plant Soil Feedbacks,” Front. Environ. Sci., 2019.
J. Kattge et al., “TRY plant trait database – enhanced coverage and open access,” Glob. Chang. Biol., 2020.
B. Salehi et al., “Antidiabetic potential of medicinal plants and their active components,” Biomolecules. 2019.
Z. Pang et al., “Linking Plant Secondary Metabolites and Plant Microbiomes: A Review,” Frontiers in Plant Science. 2021. [7] M. F. Dignac et al., “Increasing soil carbon storage: mechanisms, effects of agricultural practices and proxies. A review,” Agronomy for Sustainable Development. 2017. [8] G. Berg, M. Köberl, D. Rybakova, H. Müller, R. Grosch, and K. Smalla, “Plant microbial diversity is suggested as the key to future biocontrol and health trends,” FEMS Microbiology Ecology. 2017.
T. T. S. Lew, V. B. Koman, P. Gordiichuk, M. Park, and M. S. Strano, “The Emergence of Plant Nanobionics and Living Plants as Technology,” Adv. Mater. Technol., 2020.
M. A. Bhat et al., “Mechanistic Insights of the Interaction of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) With Plant Roots Toward Enhancing Plant Productivity by Alleviating Salinity Stress,” Frontiers in Microbiology. 2020.
N. Brummitt, A. C. Araújo, and T. Harris, “Areas of plant diversity—What do we know?,” Plants People Planet. 2021. [12] C. Song, F. Zhu, V. J. Carrión, and V. Cordovez, “Beyond Plant Microbiome Composition: Exploiting Microbial Functions and Plant Traits via Integrated Approaches,” Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology. 2020. [13] A. P. Whitmore, G. J. D. Kirk, and B. G. Rawlins, “Technologies for increasing carbon storage in soil to mitigate climate change,” Soil Use Manag., 2015.
G. Xu, Y. Lv, J. Sun, H. Shao, and L. Wei, “Recent Advances in Biochar Applications in Agricultural Soils: Benefits and Environmental Implications,” Clean - Soil, Air, Water. 2012.
G. Settineri, C. Mallamaci, M. Mitrović, M. Sidari, and A. Muscolo, “Effects of different thinning intensities on soil carbon storage in Pinus laricio forest of Apennine South Italy,” Eur. J. For. Res., 2018.
W.-K. Park et al., “Effect of Carbonized Rice Hull Application on Increasing Soil Carbon Storage and Mitigating Greenhouse Gas Emissions during Chinese Cabbage Cultivation,” Korean J. Soil Sci. Fertil., 2016.
W. T. Tinkham, A. M. S. Smith, P. E. Higuera, J. A. Hatten, N. W. Brewer, and S. H. Doerr, “Replacing time with space: Using laboratory fires to explore the effects of repeated burning on black carbon degradation,” Int. J. Wildl. Fire, 2016.
K. Minamikawa and N. Sakai, “Soil carbon budget in a single cropping paddy field with rice straw application and water management based on soil redox potential,” Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 2007.
A. K. Saxena, M. Kumar, H. Chakdar, N. Anuroopa, and D. J. Bagyaraj, “Bacillus species in soil as a natural resource for plant health and nutrition,” Journal of Applied Microbiology. 2020.
R. M. Shelake, D. Pramanik, and J. Y. Kim, “Exploration of plant-microbe interactions for sustainable agriculture in CRISPR era,” Microorganisms. 2019.
P. Vejan, R. Abdullah, T. Khadiran, S. Ismail, and A. Nasrulhaq Boyce, “Role of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in agricultural sustainability-A review,” Molecules, 2016.
B. A. Hungate et al., “The economic value of grassland species for carbon storage,” Sci. Adv., 2017.
B. Minasny and A. B. McBratney, “Limited effect of organic matter on soil available water capacity,” Eur. J. Soil Sci., 2018. [24] C. B. Gottshall, M. Cooper, and S. M. Emery, “Activity, diversity and function of arbuscular mycorrhizae vary with changes in agricultural management intensity,” Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., 2017.
D. A. T. Boncan et al., “Terpenes and terpenoids in plants: Interactions with environment and insects,” International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020.
