Phyto-Molecules Utilised in Malaria Therapy: A Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55524/Keywords:
Anopheles Mosquitos, Artemesinin, Artemesinin Based Combination Therapy (ACT), Malaria, Falciparum, Phyto-MoleculesAbstract
Malaria is one of the most lethal tropical illnesses known to man, and it's becoming worse because to an increase in drug resistance in the malaria-causing protozoan to conventional treatments. There are many species of the protozoan falciparum which causes various types of malaria. Several, synthetic, semisynthetic & natural origin compounds having anti-malarial property has been commercialized. Some of them are as follows: chloroquine is a quinine derivative whereas artesunate having sesquiterpene lactone core is derived from artemisinin that is isolated from Artemisia annua L. Though the artemesinin based combination therapy (ACT) has showed excellent results however, the rising cases of drug resistance is now making the researchers to search for more novel therapies. In this review paper, the life cycle of a malarial protozoan, the current artemesinin combination therapy and the other phyto-molecules having anti-malarial activity has been briefed upon. One can believe that the discovery of novel phyto-molecules having would lead to a much safer, effective and cheaper mode of treatment of malaria.
Downloads
References
Nondo RSO, Erasto P, Moshi MJ, Zacharia A, Masimba PJ, Kidukuli AW. In vivo antimalarial activity of extracts of Tanzanian medicinal plants used for the treatment of malaria. J Adv Pharm Technol Res. 2016;
Gaurav A, Gautam V, Singh R. Exploring the Structure Activity Relationships of Imidazole Containing Tetrahydrobenzodiazepines as Farnesyltransferase Inhibitors: A QSAR Study. Lett Drug Des Discov. 2011;
Jain V, Kare P, Jain D, Singh R. Development and characterization of mucoadhesive nanosuspension of ciprofloxacin. Acta Pol Pharm - Drug Res. 2011;
Ashley EA, Phyo AP. Drugs in Development for Malaria. Drugs. 2018;
Gaurav A, Singh R. 3D QSAR Pharmacophore, CoMFA and CoMSIA Based Design and Docking Studies on Phenyl Alkyl Ketones as Inhibitors of Phosphodiesterase 4. Med Chem (Los Angeles). 2012;
Bamunuarachchi GS, Ratnasooriya WD, Premakumara S, Udagama P V. Antimalarial properties of Artemisia vulgaris L. ethanolic leaf extract in a Plasmodium berghei murine malaria model. J Vector Borne Dis. 2013;
Singh DP, Deivedi SK, Hashim SR, Singhal RG. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of some new quinoxaline derivatives. Pharmaceuticals. 2010;
Braga CBE, Martins AC, Cayotopa ADE, Klein WW, Schlosser AR, Da Silva AF, et al. Side effects of chloroquine and primaquine and symptom reduction in malaria endemic area (Mâncio lima, Acre, Brazil). Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis. 2015;
Sonar PK, Singh R, Khan S, Saraf SK. Isolation, characterization and activity of the flowers of Rhododendron arboreum (Ericaceae). E-Journal Chem. 2012;
Pan WH, Xu XY, Shi N, Tsang SW, Zhang HJ. Antimalarial activity of plant metabolites. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2018.
Bitew H, Mammo W, Hymete A, Yeshak MY. Antimalarial Activity of Acetylenic Thiophenes from Echinops hoehnelii Schweinf. Molecules. 2017;
Dhingra M, Dhingra V. Perception: Scriptures’ perspective. J Hum Values. 2011;
Cai S, Risinger AL, Nair S, Peng J, Anderson TJC, Du L, et al. Identification of Compounds with Efficacy against Malaria Parasites from Common North
American Plants. J Nat Prod. 2016;
Kundu N, Bhar C, Pandurangan V. Development of framework for an integrated model for technology transfer. Indian J Sci Technol. 2015;
Awasthi A. A reinterpretation of hindu spirituality for addressing environmental problems. Religions. 2021;
Tadigoppula N, Korthikunta V, Gupta S, Kancharla P, Khaliq T, Soni A, et al. Synthesis and insight into the structure-activity relationships of chalcones as antimalarial agents. J Med Chem. 2013;
Sinha A, Pal A, Santra A, Murmu S, Ghorai UK, Chowdhury AR, et al. Calcination Temperature Dependent Structural and Photoluminescence Properties of Hydroxyapatite Derived from Labeo Rohita Fish Scales. J Inst Eng Ser D. 2020;
Auranwiwat C, Laphookhieo S, Rattanajak R, Kamchonwongpaisan S, Pyne SG, Ritthiwigrom T. Antimalarial polyoxygenated and prenylated xanthones from the leaves and branches of Garcinia mckeaniana. Tetrahedron. 2016;
Mishra R, Tomar I, Singhal S, Jha KK. Facile synthesis of thiazolidinones bearing thiophene nucleus as antimicrobial agents. Der Pharma Chem. 2012;
Karunamoorthi K, Tsehaye E. Ethnomedicinal knowledge, belief and self-reported practice of local inhabitants on traditional antimalarial plants and phytotherapy. J Ethnopharmacol. 2012;
Anand V. Photovoltaic actuated induction motor for driving electric vehicle. Int J Eng Adv Technol. 2019;
Chauhan A, Tyagi V V., Sawhney A, Anand S. Comparative enviro-economic assessment and thermal optimization of two distinctly designed and experimentally validated PV/T collectors. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2021;
Ghai W, Kumar S, Athavale VA. Using gaussian mixtures on triphone acoustic modelling-based punjabi continuous speech recognition. In: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. 2021.
Parashar S, Chawla VK. A systematic review on sustainable green fibre reinforced composite and their analytical models. In: Materials Today: Proceedings. 2020.
Wani IA, ul Rehman Kumar R. Experimental investigation on using sheep wool as fiber reinforcement in concrete giving increment in overall strength. In: Materials Today: Proceedings. 2021.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
How to Cite
