Farmers’ Willingness to Pay for Climate Smart Agriculture in Flood Vulnerable Areas of Assam
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48165/IJEE.2024.60403Keywords:
Climate change, Flood vulnerable, Climate Smart Agricultural (CSA) Practices, Willingness to payAbstract
The current study was carried out during 2020 in flood vulnerable district of Assam to measure the farmers’ Willingness to Pay (WTP) for climate smart agriculture practices and factors likely to influence thereon. The study reveals that degree of farmers ‘willingness to pay was found high for ‘Stress Tolerance Varieties of rice (STVs)’, ‘Integrated Nutrient Management (INM)’ and ‘Integrated Pest Management (IPM)’ while low degree of WTP was found for ‘Vermicompost preparation and application (VC)’ and ‘Minimum Tillage (MT)’. The highest average bidding value was recorded for STV (Rs. 251.00) followed by INM (Rs. 185.00) and IPM (Rs. 174.13) while for VC and MT the average bidding value was Rs. 158.63 & Rs 79.75 respectively. The LMR analysis confirmed that the selected explanatory variables expressed variation in willingness to pay for CSA practices about 74% (R2=0.74). The variable ‘educational status’ (x2), ‘accessible to market’ (x7) ‘cropping intensity’ (x9), ‘adoption consistency’ (x13) and ‘preferences to CSA practices’ (x14) were found to have positive while variable ‘age’ (x1) and ‘institutional contact’ (x6) have negative and significant influence on WTP. Popularizing CSA practices available in the research front, various organizations (both public and private) in input and output chains should work together as a common entity so that farmers get necessary nurture for adoption of technologies.
Downloads
References
Angella, N., Dick, S., & Fred, B. (2014). Willingness to pay for irrigation water and its determinants among rice farmers at Doho Rice Irrigation Scheme (DRIS) in Uganda. Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics, 6(8), 345-355.
Anugwa, I. Q., Onwubuya, E. A., Chah, J. M., Abonyi, C. C., & Nduka, E. K. (2021). Farmers’ preferences and willingness to pay for climate-smart agricultural technologies on rice production in Nigeria. Climate Policy, 22(1), 112–131. https://doi.org/10.1080/ 14693062.2021.1953435
Bedmar, V. A., Jha, Y., Ogwal-Omara, R., Welch, E., & Halewood, M. (2016). Adoption of climate smart technologies in East Africa: Findings from two surveys and participatory exercises with farmers and local experts. CCAFS Info Note, CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), Copenhagen, Denmark.
Bisen, J., Kumar, S., Singh, D. R., Nain, M. S., Arya, P., & Tiwari, U. (2023). Performance and macro-economic scenarios of rice market outlook in India. Oryza, 60(Special Issue), 78-90, https:/ /doi.org/10.35709/ory.2023.60.0.7
Chouksey, R., Singh, K. C., Singh, C., & Birle, Y. (2021). Adaptation of farmers regarding climate resilient technologies in Rewa Block of Rewa District in Madhya Pradesh. Indian Journal of Extension Education, 57(1), 26-31.
CIAT World Bank. (2017). Climate-Smart Agriculture in Bangladesh. CSA Country Profiles for Asia Series. International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT); World Bank. Washington, D.C. 28 p.
Das, U., Ansari, M. A., & Ghosh, S. (2022). Effectiveness and upscaling potential of climate smart agriculture interventions: Farmers’ participatory prioritization and livelihood indicators as its determinants. Agricultural Systems, 203, 103515. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.agsy.2022.103515
De Chaisemartin, C., & Mahe, T. (2009). How to understand our willingness-to-pay to fight climate change? A choice experiment approach. Retrieved January 10, 2024 https://hal.science/hal 00370738v1/file/cahier_de_recherche_2009-08.pdf
Deng, A., Chen, C., Feng, J., Chen, J., & Zhang, W. (2016). Cropping system innovation for coping with climatic warming in China. The Crop Journal, 5(2), 136-150.
Food & Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (2013). Climate smart agriculture sourcebook. FAO. http://www.fao.org/3/i3325e/ i3325e.pdf
Horna, J. D., Smale, M., & Von Oppen, M. (2007). Farmer willingness to pay for seed-related information: rice varieties in Nigeria and Benin. Environment and Development Economics, 12(6), 799- 825.
Khatri-Chhetri, A., Aryal, J. P., Sapkota, T. B., & Khurana, R. (2016). Economic benefits of climate-smart agricultural practices to smallholder farmers in the Indo-Gangetic plains of India. Current Science, 110(7), 1244-1249.
Koppa, N., & Amarnath, G. (2021). Geospatial assessment of flood tolerant rice varieties to guide climate adaptation strategies in India. Climate, 9(10), 151. https://doi.org/10.3390/cli9100151
Long, T. B., Blok, V., & Coninx, I. (2016). Barriers to the adoption and diffusion of technological innovations for climate-smart agriculture in Europe: Eevidence from the Netherlands, France, Switzerland & Italy. Journal of Cleaner Production, 112(I), 9-21.
18 INDIAN JOURNAL OF EXTENSION EDUCATION
Marbeau, Y. (1987). What value pricing research today. Journal of the Market Research Society, 29(2), 153-182.
Mekonnen, T. (2017). Willingness to pay for agricultural risk insurance as a strategy to adapt climate change (No. 028). United Nations University-Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT).
Mutoko, M. C., Rioux, J., & Kirui, J. (2015). Barriers, Incentives and benefits in the Adoption of Climate-smart Agriculture: Lessons from the MICCA Pilot Project in Kenya. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO, Rome.
Onugo, T. N., & Onyeneke, R. U. (2022). Farmers, preference and willingness to pay for climate-smart rice varieties in Uzo-Uwani Local Government Area of Enugu State, Nigeria. Ekológia (Bratislava), 41(3), 262–271. doi:10.2478/eko-2022-0027
Pabba, A. S., Naik, R. V., & Sudha Rani, V. (2022). Adoption of climate resilient agricultural technologies by farmers in Nalgonda district of Telangana State. Indian Journal of Extension Education, 58(2), 30-34.
Rama Rao, C. A., Raju, B. M. K., Subba Rao, A. V. M., Rao, K. V., Rao, V. U. M., Ramachandran, K., Venkateswarlu, B., & Sikka, A. K. (2013). Atlas on vulnerability of Indian agriculture to climate change. Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad. p. 116.
Rejula K., Singh, R., & Nain, M. S. (2017). Rice farming for food security and ecological sustainability: An analysis of farmers’ awareness in Kerala. Indian Journal of Extension Education, 53(4), 101-106.
Saravanan, R. (2013). E-Agriculture prototype for knowledge facilitation among tribal farmers of North-East India: Innovations, impact and lessons. The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension, 19(2), 113-131.
Sarkar, S., Padaria, R. N., Das, S., Das, B., Biswas, G., Roy, D., & Sarkar, A. (2022) Conceptualizing and validating a framework of climate smart village in flood affected ecosystem of West Bengal. Indian Journal of Extension Education, 58(2), 1-7.
Shitu, A. G., Nain, M. S., & Singh, R. (2018). Developing extension model for smallholder farmers uptake of precision conservation
agricultural practices in developing nations: Learning from rice wheat system of Africa and India. Current Science, 114(4), 814- 825.
Singh, A. K., Narain, S., & Chauhan, J. (2008). Capacity and willingness of farmers to pay for extension. Indian Research Journal of Extension Education, 8(2&3), 60-62.
Sisay, T., Tesfaye, K., Ketema, M., Dechassa, N., & Getnet, M. (2023). Climate-smart agriculture technologies and determinants of farmers’ adoption decisions in the great Rift Valley of Ethiopia. Sustainability, 15(4), 3471. https://doi.org/10.3390/ su15043471
Taimour, H., Farhadian, H., & Saadvandi, M. (2022). Farmers’ agreement to apply and willingness to pay for climate-smart agricultural technologies at the farm level. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technologies, 24(4), 779-791.
Taneja, G., Pal, B. D., Joshi, P. K., Aggarwal, P. K., & Tyagi, N. K. (2014). Farmers preferences for climate-smart agriculture: an assessment in the Indo-Gangetic Plain (Vol. 1337). Intl Food Policy Res Inst.
Temesgen, D., & Tola, T. (2015). Determinates of small holder farmers willingness to pay for agricultural extension services: A case study from Eastern Ethiopia. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 10(20), 2152-2158.
Thierfelder, C., Rusinamhodzi, L., Setimela, P., Walker, F., & Eash, N. S. (2015). Conservation agriculture and drought-tolerant germ plasm: Reaping the benefits of climate-smart agriculture technologies in central Mozambique. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems, 31, 414-428.
Veettil, C. P., & Venkataranga Naika, K. (2009). Farmers willingness to pay for privatized agricultural services: An analysis with plantation growers. Indian Journal of Extension Education, 45(3&4), 1-6.
Yadav, P., Maiti, S., Jha, S. K., Meena, H. R., Bhakat, M., & Dixit, A. K. (2022). Participatory evaluation of effectiveness of farmer-led adaptation strategies to climate change in Eastern Uttar Pradesh. Indian Journal of Extension Education, 58(1), 146-150.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.