Present status and future prospects of Ber ( Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk.)-A review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48165/ijah.2022.4.1.8Keywords:
Ber, budding, species, rootstock, scion and micro propaga tionAbstract
Ber (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk.) is one of the hardy fruits that can be profitably cultivated in arid and semi-arid conditions, where most other fruit trees fail to grow due to lack of irrigation and other environmental constraints. It is mainly cultivated for its fresh fruits and rightly called as poor man’s apple due to its high nutrition
al value i.e. higher protein (0.8 g), β-carotene (70 IU), vitamin C (50-100 mg) and medicinal value. In North India, ber flowers in the month of August-September. It mainly produces heavy flowers in the auxiliary cymes on maturation, and current season’s growth with very high fruit set percentage. It can be processed to prepare various value added products i.e. murabba, pulps, jam, candies and beverage. The best method of commercial propagation is by budding and the widely adopted is shield budding (T or I budding). Recently success in micro propagation of ber has also been achieved and the best explant for in vitro micro propagation is stem from mature tree. Due to its ability to withstand adverse climatic conditions, it is truly a “desert apple” or “king of arid fruits” and can be profitable grown by farmers of arid and semi-arid regions of India.
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References
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Pawar, A. 2012. Nutritional status of local ber (Ziziphus mauritiana L.) types from solapur district, scarcity zone of Maharashtra. Indian Journal of Dryland Agricultural Research and Development, 27(1):101-104.
Pot, V., Benoit, P., Menn, M.L., Eklo, O.M., Sveistrup, T. and Kvaerner, J. 2011. Metribuzin transport in undisturbed soil cores under controlled water potential conditions: experiments and modelling to evaluate the risk of leaching in a sandy loam soil profile. Pest Manage Sci., 67(4): 397-407.
Ramakrishna, A., Hoang Minh Tam, Suhas P. Wani, Tranh Dinh Long. 2006. Effect of mulch on soil temperature, moisture, weed infestation and yield of groundnut in northern Vietnam. Field Crops Research, 95: 115–125.
Randhawa, J.S, Jawandha, S.K, Mahajan, B.V. and Gill, P.P.S. 2009. Effect of different pre-harvest treatments on quality of ber fruit during cold storage. Journal of Food Science and Technology Mysore, 46: 174-176.
Saroj, P.L., Dhandar, D.G., Sharma, B.D., Bhargava, R. and Purohit, C.K. 2003. Ber base agrihorti system: A sustainable land use for arid ecosystem. Indian J. Agroforestry, 5: 30-35.
Shen, X.D., Gao, F.G, Chen, B.O. and Wang, Y. 1992. Ningxia J. Agro-Forestry Sci. Technol., 2:32-34.
Shobha, D. and Bharathi, P. 2007. Value Addition to Ber (Zyziphus mauritiana Lamk.) Through Preparation of Pickle. Karnataka Journal of Agriculture Sciences, 20(2): 353-355
Singh, A. K., Devanshi, Sharma, P., Singh, R., Singh, B., Koundal, K.R. and Singh, N.K. 2007. Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Ziziphus mauritiana Using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat Markers. J. Plant Biochemistry & Biotechnology, 16(1): 35-40.
Singh, A., Meghwal, P., Saxena, A. and Morwal, B.R. 2015. Rejuvenation of old and uneconomical ber trees and its effect on growth, yield and fruit quality under rainfed conditions of western India. Indian Journal of Horticulture, 72: 472.
Singh, K.K. 1964. The ber in India. Fill. Bull. ICAR. New Delhi. 17: 31.
Singh, L., Lal, G. and Singh, S. 1944. Candying of bers (Zizyphus jujuba) and orange peel. Punjab Fruit Journal, 8: 29-30. Singh, P. and Sharma, K.M. 2020. Advancement and efficacy of plant growth regulators in Ber (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk) - A review. Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 12(3): 372 - 379.
Singh, R. S. 1997. Note on the effect of intercropping on growth and yield of ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk.) in semi-arid
regions. Current Agriculture, 21: 117-118.
Singh, S.P, Abhay, Mankari Mariya, Sadaf. 2010. In vitro donal propagation of ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lam.). Environment and Ecology, 28: 241-243.
Singh, Sanjay, Singh, A.K., Joshi, H.K., Bagle, B.G. and Dhandar, D.G. 2008. Storability of ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk) fruit in semi-arid environment. Journal of Food Science and Technology Mysore, 45: 65-69.
Singh, Sultan; Singhrot, R.S. and Bhatia, S.K. 2004. Vegetative propagation of ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk.) and economic analysis. Haryana Journal of Horticultural Sciences, 33: 40-42
Singh, Z., Malik, A.U and Davenport, T.L. 2005. Fruit drop in mango. Horticultural Reviews, 31: 111–153.
Srivastava, R. P. and Kumar, S. 2002. Fruits and vegetable Preservation: Principles and Practices. International Book Distributing Company, Lucknow.
Srivastava, R. P. and Kumar, S. 2002. Fruits and vegetable Preservation: Principles and Practices. International Book Distributing Company, Lucknow.
Sudhersan, C. and Hussain, J. 2003. In vitro clonal propagation of a multipurpose tree, Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Desf. Turkish Journal of Botany, 27: 167-171.
Sudhersan, C., Aboel-Nil, M. and Hussain, J. 2001. In vitro propagation of Ziziphus mauritiana cultivar Umran by shoot tip and nodal multiplication. Current Science, 80: 290-292.
Suman, M., Sangma, P.D., Meghawal, D.R. and Sahu, O.P. 2017. Effect of plant growth regulators on fruit crops. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 6 (2): 331-333.
Vashishtha, B.B. and O.P. Pareek. 1979. Flower morphology, fruit set and fruit drop in some ber (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk.) cultivars. Ann. Arid Zone 18:165-169.
Verma, A.N. and Singh, R. 1975. Chemical control of bark eating caterpillar, Indarbela quardinotata (Walker) by painting the bark with insecticides. Haryana J. Hort. Sci., 4(3/4):145-149.
Verma, A.N., Singh, R. and Khurana, A.D. 1972. Chemical control of hairy caterpillar. Indian J. Agric. Sci., 42(10):928-931. Verma, M.K., Sharma, V.P. and Saxena, S.K. 2000. Compatibility of ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk.) varieties on different rootstocks. Indian Journal of Horticulture, 57 (1): 13-17. Vithlani, V.A. and Patel, H.V. 2010. Production of functional vinegar from Indian jujube (Zizyphus mauritiana) and its antioxidant properties. Journal of Food Technology, 8: 143-149.
