Oscillation Criteria of Fourth-Order Nonlinear Differential Equations of the Delay Type
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48165/gjs.2026.3101Keywords:
Fourth-order; Oscillatory solutions; Riccati transformation; Delay differential equations.Abstract
In this work, we establish new oscillation criteria for a class of fourth-order delay differential equations with noncanonical case. The paper presents certain oscillation criteria using a distinct comparison method approach using lower-order equations and generalized Riccati transformations. The capacity of the suggested approach to simplify the fourth-order problem by transforming it into first-order forms and enabling the use of proven oscillation theories is one of its main advantages. This method provides more effective and widely applicable outcomes in addition to extending current criteria to higher-order FDEs. The method’s efficacy and wider applicability are confirmed by thorough comparisons with prior studies, which also show the viability and importance of our findings as an extension of earlier findings.
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