Evaluation of phenotypic and biochemical diversity in peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) and nectarine  (Prunus persica (L) var nucipersica) cultivars in the  subtropical region of Punjab

Swapnil Pandey; Anirudh Thakur; Harminder Singh

doi:10.48165/

Authors

Swapnil Pandey Fruit Scientist, RRS Ballowal Saunkhri (PAU, Ludhiana), Ballowal Saunkhri, Balachaur, SBS Nagar, Punjab 144 521
Anirudh Thakur Associate Professor, Department of Fruit Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141 004
Harminder Singh Head, Department of Fruit Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141 004

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48165/

Keywords:

Antioxidant, Fruit weight, Phenotypic value, Flesh firmness, TSS, Phenol

Abstract

The experiment was conducted to find out phenotypic variability in cultural and biochemical fruit quality traits in peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] and nectarine [Prunus persica (L.) var. nucipersica] during 2017 and 2018. The fruit length, fruit breadth and fruit weight; and fruit quality parameters, viz. flesh firmness, TSS, TA and ripening index were determined. Biochemical fruit quality traits such as ascorbic acid, total phenols, anthocyanins and relative antioxidant capacity were evaluated. Maximum fruit length (50.68 mm), total phenols (30.17 mg/ 100g FW) and relative antioxidant capacity (83.28%) was noted in Flordaglo, whereas, Tropic Beauty recorded maximum fruit breadth (55.17 mm), fruit weight (85.04 g), flesh firmness (14.74 lbf), ripening index (15.92) and ascorbic acid content (5.15 mg/100g FW). Maximum TSS (12.57°Brix) was noted in Florda Grand, while, minimum TA (0.78%) was recorded in Punjab nectarine. Cultivar Punjab Nectarine and Suncoast nectarine have maximum anthocyanin content (10.57 mg/100g FW). The cultivars exhibited wide phenotypic variation in cultural as well as biochemical traits. Such findings would be helpful in the future breeding programs for selecting cultivars having more health enhancing properties and good postharvest efficiency.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abbott A G, Georgi L, Inigo M, Sosinski B, Yvergniaux D, Wang Y, Blenda A and Reighard G. 2002. Peach: the model genome for Rosaceae. Scientia Horticulturae 575: 145 -55.

Abidi W, Moreno M A and Gogorcena Y (2018) Phenotypic and biochemical diversity in peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] cultivars. Journal of new Science, Agriculture and Biotechnology 51: 3171-78.

AOAC. 1984. Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of the Official Analytical Chemists (Ed.S. Williams). Association of Official Analytical Chemists Limited: 1141.

Brand-Williams W, Cuvelier M E and Berset C. 1995. Use of free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. Food Science and Technology 28: 25-30.

Cano-Salazar J, Lopez M, Crisosto C and Echeverria G. 2013. Volatile compound emissions and sensory attributes of 'Big Top' nectarine and 'Early Rich' peach fruit in response to a pre-storage treatment before cold storage and subsequent shelf-life. Postharvest Biology and Technology 76: 152-62.

Cantin C M, Gogorcena Y and Moreno M A. 2010. Phenotypic diversity and relationships of fruit quality traits in peach breeding progenies [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] and nectarine. Euphytica 171: 211-26.

Cantin C, Moreno M A and Gogorcena Y. 2009. Evaluation of the antioxidant capacity, phenolic compounds, and vitamin C content of different peach and nectarine [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] breeding progenies. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry 57: 4586-92.

Chanana Y R, Nijjar G S, Kanwar J S, Kaundak G S, Brara S S and Deol I S. 1992. Studies on the performance of a new peach cultivar suitable for sub-tropics. Indian Journal of Horticulture 49: 37-39.

Dirlewanger E, Moing A, Rothan C, Svanella L, Pronier V, Guye A, Plomion C and Monet R. 1999. Mapping QTL controlling fruit quality in peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch]. Theory of Applied Genetics 98: 18-31.

Gil M, Tomas-Barberan A T, Hess-Pierce B and Kader A A. 2002. Antioxidant capacities, phenolic compounds, carotenoids and vitamin C content of nectarine and plum cultivars from California. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry 50: 4976-82.

Goulao L F and Oliveira C M. 2008. Cell wall modifications during fruit ripening: when a fruit is not the fruit. Trends in

Food Science and Technology 19: 4-25.

IBPGR. 1984. Peach Descriptors. E Sellini, E Pomarici and R Watkins (Eds). p. 31.

Kumar R, Khadda B S, Jadav J K, Rai A K, Khajuria S and Lata K. 2016. Evaluation of aonla (Emblica officinalis) varieties under hot semi-arid conditions of western India. Current Horticulture 4(2): 39-43.

Law M Y, Charles S A and Halliwell B.1983. Glutathione and ascorbic acid in spinach (Spinacea oleracea) chloroplasts. The effect of hydrogen peroxide and of paraquat. Biochemistry Journal 210: 899-903.

Okamura M. 1980. An improved method for determination of L-ascorbic acid and Ldehydroascorbic acid in blood plasma. Clinica Chimica Acta 103: 259.

Phaomei G and Pereira L. S. 2016. Evaluation of diversity in jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) in Tikrikilla block of West Garo Hills (Meghalaya). Current Horticulture 4(2): 11-16.

Prior R L and Cao G H. 2000. Antioxidant phytochemicals in fruits and vegetables: diet and health implications. Hort Science 35: 588-92.

Rabino I, Mancinelli A L and Kuzmanoff K H. 1977. Photocontrol of anthocyanin synthesis VI. Spectral sensitivity, irradiance dependence and reciprocity relationship. Plant Physiology 59(4): 569-73.

Rouse R E and Sherman W B. 1989. Tropic Beauty: a low chilling peach for subtropical climates. Hort Science 24(1): 165-6.

Sharma D K, Aklade S A and Virdia H M. 2015. Genetic variability in tamarind (Tamarindus indica) from south Gujarat. Current Horticulture 3(20): 43-46

Swain T and Hillis W. 1959. The phenolic constituents of Prunus domestica. I. The quantitative analysis of phenolic constituents. Journal of Science Food and Agriculture 10: 63-68.

Thirugnanavel A, Saraswathi M S, Backiyarani S, Uma S, Durai P and Kumar B V. 2018. Evaluation of genetic variability in wild Musa spp. suitable for ornamental value. Current Horticulture 6(2): 12-16.

Yue C, Gallardo R K, Luby J, Rihn A L, Mc Ferson J R, McCracken V, Gradziel T, Gasic K, Reighard G L, Clark J and Iezzoni A. 2014. An evaluation of US peach producers' trait prioritization: Evidence from audience surveys. Hort Science 49: 1309-14.

Zhao X, Zhang W, Yin X, Su M, Li C X L and Chen K. 2015. Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Different Peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] Cultivars in China. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 16: 5762- 78.