Management of Post Harvested Paddy Crop Residues by Aspergillus Species for Sustainable Agriculture
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48165/Keywords:
Aspergillus sp, Paddy crop residues, Biodegradation, Pectolytic, Lignolytic, CellulolyticAbstract
Rice, Oryza sp. (Angiosperm: Gramineae) is the main staple crop in the World and 493 million tons of rice was produced world-wide, which supposed to be a source of main crop residue as per the report of IGC (International Grain Council) during 2017-18. Therefore, it was an urgent need to management of the residue by the best suitable method i.e. biodegradation using potent fungal species. The present study was conducted to evaluate the potential mycobiota and analyze the mechanism of action for the management of post harvested crop residues for the sustainable growth. The findings of the current investigation reflected the pectolytic, lignolytic and cellulolytic activities of Aspergillus species. The observed worked out may also prove that these mycoflora played a key role for biodegradation of paddy residues. During the course of study a sum of nine fungal isolates were recovered from paddy residues (semicompost resource). Out of them, six isolates were selected on the basis of their enzymatic activities against lignin, pectin and cellulose constituents of paddy straw. All the six fungal isolates like A. nidulans, A. wentii, A. tamarii, A. fumigatus, A. flavous, and A. sydowii showed optimum lignocellulolytic activities, which were further used for in vitro decomposition of fresh paddy residue by the application of 10ml sample as spray on two gram of fresh paddy residue and incubated at 28 ± 1ºC for 30 days. At the end of 30 days experiment, the rate of decomposition was measured by ADR (Absolute decomposition rate) and RDR (Relative decomposition rate). It was found that A. flavous showed highest ADR and RDR; however, A. fumigatus represented the lowest ADR and RDR. Thus, from the findings authors are supposed to proposed and formulate a strategy for sustainable management of paddy crop residues. The practical application of the present study is assessed to be a mile stone for the sustainable environment and natural resources management to ecofriendly agricultural activities and livelihood sustainability.
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