Prevalence and risk factors associated with diabetes mellitus in local Population of Muzaffarpur, Bihar

Abstract

Background: Nowadays Diabetes has become  major problem in our society. There were over  72,946,400 cases of diabetes in India in 2017 and  number is still arising. Different Risk factors  associated with diabetes are- Positive family  history, Tobacco and alcohol consumption,  Hypertension, Psychological stress, stagnant life  style, obesity etc.  Aim: To find out the prevalence and association  of various risk factors with diabetes mellitus in  Muzaffarpur. Methods and material: The study consists of 600  people randomly selected from Muzaffarpur  region. Demographic data of participants were  collected with the help of glucometer,  questionnaires and sphygmomanometer,  Weighing machine and also statistical analysis  was done. Statistical analysis: Chi-square and t-test was  done. P value less than 0.05 was significant. Result: Overall prevalence of diabetes mellitus  was found 5%. Male was more prone (6.35%) to  diabetes than female (4.02%). Most of the subjects  with diabetes (36.67%) belonged to the age group  41-50 years and maximum prevalence was seen  in age group of 51-60 year (12.5%). Most  significant risk factors were psychological stress  (40%) followed by tobacco consumption (27%),  positive family history (30%), Hypertension  (24.24%) and obesity (23.53%). Diabetes Mellitus  is more prone in those have these risk factors  than those without risk factors. Persons with  heavy physical activity were least prone (3.34%)  to this disease. Conclusion: Main risk factor of diabetes mellitus  is psychological stress and middle age male  group were more prone to this disease. Improved  lifestyle and awareness of risk factors can  decrease prevalence of diabetes.