The Anatomical Structure of the Medicinal Raw Material Acorus Calamus L. in the Conditions of Culture of the Samarkand Region (Uzbekistan)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48165/Keywords:
Acorus calamus L, Anatomical structure, Meristem, Parenchyma, MicroscopyAbstract
While roots of many species and groups of flowering plants have recently been studied developmentally, the roots of the plants considered to be basal monocotyledons by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, 1998, 2003) have received little attention with regard to root characteristics that may be relevant to their phylogenetic position. The basal monocotyledon, Acorus calamus (sweet flag, Acoraceae), has been determined to diverge quite early from the trunk of the phylogenetic tree of angiosperms. This species is phylogenetically closely associated with the basal dicotyledonous angiosperm group, the Nymphaeales (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, 1998, 2003), which has been recognized to be an ancient group (Friis et al., 2001). The phylogenetic position of Acorus was determined mainly from nucleic acid sequencing analysis, but anatomical and morphological data supporting this position are rather scarce. While some features of its root apex and general root anatomy were reported long ago (Janczewski, 1874; Holle, 1876; Kroll, 1912), little consistent information has been found on the developmental and structural features of its roots (Keating, 2003), except for the analysis of vessels by Carlquist and Schneider (1997). Therefore, attention was focused on the root apical meristem and the development of the cortex of adventitious roots in Acorus calamus, but also included are related observations on other root features, including stelar and epidermal characteristics.
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