Toxic Effect of Organophosphorous Pesticide, Phorate on the Biochemical Parameters and Recovery Response of Freshwater Snake Headed Fish, Channa punctatus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48165/Keywords:
Phorate, Organophosphorous pesticides, Channa punctatus, BiomoleculesAbstract
Organophosphorous pesticides are mainly used to destroy harmful insects or pests which infect agricultural field, forests and houses. Increasing amount of agricultural, domestic and industrial chemicals into the aquatic environment lead to deleterious effects on the aquatic organisms. The biochemical study is recognized as a valuable tool for evaluating health status, physiological and pathological condition of fish. The present study deals with the level of imbalance evolved by the sub-lethal concentration of phorate on the tissue biomolecule of Channa punctatus. The pesticide, phorate was involved in the metabolic regulation of carbohydrate, protein and lipid in muscles, liver and kidney of Channa punctatus. Although, the mechanism is not clear that how phorate interferes in the metabolic process of these biomolecules. During recovery period, the tissue carbohydrate, protein and lipid content recorded a pattern towards normalcy when compared with 96 h exposed fishes.
Downloads
References
Agnihotri, N.P. (2000). Pesticide consumption in Agriculture in India an Update. Pesticide Research Journal, 12(1), 150- 155.
Anusha, A., Cyril Arunkumar, I., Elizabeth Jayanthi, F. and Selvanayagam, M. (1996). Quinolphos induced biochemical anomalies in Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham.). J. Environ. Biol. 17(2), 121- 124.
Barnes H. and Blackstock J. (1973). Estimation of lipids in marine animals and tissues: detailed investigation of the sulpho phosphovanilun method for ‘total’ lipids. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 12(1), 103-118.
Chezhian, A., Kabilan, N., Kumar, S. T., Senthamilselvan, D. and Sivakumari., K. (2010). Impact of Common Mixed Effluent of Sipcot Industrial Estate on Histopathological and Biochemical
Changes in Estuarine Fish Latesca lcarifer. Curr. Res. J. Biol.Sci. 2, 201-209.
Jagadeessan, G. and Mathivanan, A. (1999). Organic constituent’s changes induced by three different sublethal concentrations of mercury and recovery in the liver tissues of Labeo rohita fingerlings. Poll. Res. 18(2), 177-181.
Kalal, V., Giri, M.J., Baskar, S. and Kuba, R. (2021). Detection of Pollutants present in the surface water of Ayad River, Udaipur, Rajasthan. International Journal of Biological Innovations. 3 (1), 212-220. https://doi.org/10.46505/IJBI.2021.3123
Katti, S.R. and Sathyanesan, A.G. (1983). Lead nitrate induced changes in lipid and cholesterol levels in the freshwater catfish Clarias batrachus. Toxicol. Lett. 19, 93-96.
Lowy, O.H., Rosebrough, N.J., Farr, A.L., and Randall, R.J. (1951). Protein measurement with folin phenol reagent. J. Bio. Chem., 193, 265-275.
Malla, Reddy P. and Bashamohideen, M.D. (1988). Toxic impact of fenvalerate on protein metabolism in the branchial tissue of a fish Cyprinus carpio. Curr. Sci. 57, 211-212.
Masih, S.C. (2021). Impact of Monocrotophos pesticide on serum biochemical profile in freshwater fish, Cirrihinus mrigala (Hamilton, 1822). International Journal of Biological Innovations. 3(2), 402-406. https://doi.org/10.46505/IJBI.2021.3222
Mathur, S. C. (1999). Future of Indian pesticides industry in next millennium. Pesticide Information. 24 (4), 9-23.
Prakash, S. (2020). Toxic Effect of Chlorpyrifos pesticides on the behavior and serum biochemistry of Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch). International Journal of Agricultural Biosciences. 11(1): 22-27.
Prakash, S. (2021). Impact of Climate change on Aquatic Ecosystem and its Biodiversity: An overview. International Journal of Biological Innovations. 3(2), 312- 317.
https://doi.org/10.46505/IJBI.2021.3210 14. Prakash, S. and Verma, A.K. (2014). Effect of Organophosphorus Pesticide (Chlorpyrifos) on the Haematology of Heteropnetues fossilis (Bloch). Int. J. of Fauna & Biological Studies. 1(5), 95-98. 15. Prakash, S. and Verma, A.K. (2018). Effect of synthetic detergent on biochemical
constitutions of freshwater major carp, Labeo rohita. International Journal on Agricultural Sciences. 9(1), 56-59.
Prakash S. and Verma A.K. (2019). Effect of Arsenic on Lipid metabolism of a fresh water catfish, Mystus vitatus. Journal of Fisheries and Life Sciences. 4(1), 33-35.
Prakash, S. and Verma, A.K. (2020a). Effect of Organophosphorus pesticides on Biomolecules of fresh water fish, Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch). Indian Journal of Biology. 7(2), 65-69.
Prakash, S. and Verma, A.K. (2020b). Impact of Arsenic on Protein metabolism of a fresh water catfish, Mystus vittatus. Uttar Pradesh Journal of Zoology. 41(5), 16- 19.
Rao, K.R.S., Sahib, I.K.S., Sailatha, D. and Rao, K.V.R. (1986). Effect of technical and commercial grade malathion on the oxidative metabolism of the fish Tilapia mossambica. Environ. Ecol. 4: 270-273.
Roe, P. (1961). The determination of sugar in blood and spinal fluid with anthrone reagent. J. Biol. chem. 212, 335- 343.
Sathick, O., Banu, S.F. and Muthukumaraved, K. (2019). Impact of pesticides monocrotophos on selected biochemical parameters and histology of liver of Mystus gulio (Hamilton). Research Journal of Life sciences, Bioinformatics, Pharmaceutical and Chemical Sciences. 5(3), 75-84.10.26479/2019.0503.06
Shinde, G. S. (2021). Pesticide effect on qualitative occurrence and survival of soil blue-green algae in laboratory condition. International Journal of Biological Innovations. 3 (1), 205-211. https://doi.org/10.46505/IJBI.2021.3122
Singh, A.P., Singh, S., Bhartiya, P. and Yadav, K. (2010). Toxic effect of Phorate on the Serum Biochemical Parameters of Snake Headed Fish, Channa punctatus (Bloch). Advances in Bioresearch. 1(1), 178- 182.
Singh, N.N., Das, V.K. and Singh, S. (1996). Effect of aldrin on carbohydrate, protein and ionic metabolism of a fresh water catfish Heteropneustes fossilis. Bulletin of Environ. Contam. And Toxicol. 57: 204-210.
Srivastava, P., Singh, A. and Pandey, A.K. (2016). Pesticides toxicity in fishes: biochemical, physiological and genotoxic aspects. Biochem. Cell. Arch. 16(2), 199-218.
Van Meer, G., Voelker, D. R. and Feigenson, G. W. (2008). Membrane lipids: where they are and how they behave. Nat. Rev. Mole. Cell Bio. 9, 112- 124. 10.1038/nrm2330
Verma, A.K. (2021). Influence of climate change on balanced ecosystem, biodiversity and sustainable development: An overview. International Journal of Biological Innovations. 3(2), 331- 337.
https://doi.org/10.46505/IJBI.2021.3213 28. Verma, A.K. and Prakash, S. (2018). Haematotoxicity of Phorate, an Organophosphorous Pesticides on a Freshwater fish, Channa punctatus (Bloch). International Journal on Agricultural Sciences. 9(2), 117-120.
Verma, A.K. and Prakash, S. (2019). Impact of Arsenic on carbohydrate metabolism of a fresh water catfish, Mystus vitatus. International Journal on Biological Sciences. 10(1): 17-19.
Ware, G. M. (1980). Effects of pesticides on non-target organisms. Residue Rev. 76,173-301
