Wnt, BMP and Sox Mediated Gene Dysregulationvia Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals BPA and BPS; Studies in Neurogenesis and Alteration in Brain Activity: A Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48165/Keywords:
EDC, Bisphenol (BPA & BPS), Neurogenesis, Wnt, BMP, SoxAbstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) are those compounds that can interrupt the biosynthesis, metabolism, and functioning of endogenous hormones. Bisphenol A and S are well-known EDCs that can mimic an endogenous hormone estrogen. Both the chemicals have been detected in commercially available food products as used in polycarbonate plastic bags or within canned linings. BPS is more likely to accumulate in the aquatic environment or in the food chain; also detected in human samples. Due to its estrogen-like activity, it is able to interfere with the processes of growth and development such as reproductive development, bone development and soon. One such process that can be altered by BPA is neurogenesis. Neurogenesis continues to occur in adults in a limited fashion which is enabled by the action of genes involved ingrowth and development such as, Wnt3a, BMP2 and Sox2. Wnt3a promotes neurogenesis while BMP2 represses the neurogenesis but also promotes the fate specification and survival of neuroblasts, andSox2 is responsible for themaintenance of quiescent neural stem cells (NSCs), these genes together act to enable neurogenesis in a controlled manner.BPA and BPS have the potential to disturb neuron expressions as well as their fate, as it is directly linked with the nervous system. This review dealt the effect of EDCs, BPA and BPS in neurogenesis, via exogenous and endogenous factors thereby, aid in understanding the basic cross-talk among these pathways during neuronal development and dysregulation.
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