Unravelling the Complexity of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: A Comprehensive Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48165/bpas.2023.42A.2.11Keywords:
COVID-19, Cytokine storm, SARS-CoV-2, VOC (variant of concern), HypercytokinaemiaAbstract
The recent pandemic of CoVID-19 was due to severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its various viral variants and their evolutionled to a global pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 is categorised under enveloped viruses consisting of single stranded, non-segmented, linear, positive sense strand RNA which functions as its genetic material. Further sub categorised into five important variants of concern namely, Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron. Ribovirus interacts with various receptors in human body most prominently ACE2, APN, NEU-5, results in occurrence and transmission. It is accompanied by induced hypercytokinemia, also known as a cytokine storm. Various cytokine and interlukins associated with it results in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This review contains a summarized account of recent advancements regarding epidemiological, clinical and pathological attributes of COVID-19 along with recent progress in treatment and vaccine development.
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