Groundwater Quality Index of Dheku River Basin of Maharashtra,  India: A Mathematical Approach

Satish M Deshpande; Rupesh K Aher; Ganesh D Gaikwad; Kailash R Aher

doi:10.48165/

Authors

Satish M Deshpande Post Graduate Department of Geology, Institute of Science, Caves road, Aurangabad, Maharashtra 431001, India.
Rupesh K Aher Post Graduate Department of Geology, Institute of Science, Caves road, Aurangabad, Maharashtra 431001, India.
Ganesh D Gaikwad Department of Geology & Geo-informatics, Shri Shivaji College of Arts, Commerce and Science, Akola, Maharashtra 444001, India
Kailash R Aher Regional Water Testing Laboratory, Deputy Director Office, Groundwater Surveys and Development Agency, Near SAO office, Darga Road, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, 431005, India.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48165/

Keywords:

Water quality parameters, Groundwater quality Index, Weighted Arithmetic Index Method

Abstract

An attempt has been made to calculate the Groundwater Quality Index (GWQI) of Dheku river basin in order to assess its suitability for drinking purposes. Samples were assessed for twelve physico-chemical parameters namely pH, Electrical Conductivity, Total Dissolved Solid, Total Hardness, Bicarbonate, Chlorides, Sulphates, Nitrates, Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium and Fluoride in post-monsoon season of 2016. Weighted arithmetic water quality index method was used to find groundwater quality index (GWQI). The groundwater quality index varies from 11.93 to 96.05 with mean 41.63 indicating the impact of human activity is the main cause of deterioration in water quality.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Aher K.R. (2012). Groundwater Quality Studies of Chikalthana area of Aurangabad, Ph.D thesis submitted to Dr.B.A. Marathwada University, Aurangabad (MS) India. 2. Aher, K. R., & Deshpande, S. M. (2015). Hydrogeochemical characteristics and assessment of water quality in Dheku basin, Aurangabad, India. Journal of Applied Geochemistry, 17(1), 41- 49.

Ahmad, S., Mazhar, S.N. (2020). Hydrochemical Characteristics, Groundwater Quality and Sources of Solute in the Ramganga Aquifer, Central Ganga Plain, Bareilly District, Uttar Pradesh. J Geol Soc India 95, 616–625. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-020-1488-y.

Alobaidy, A. H. M. J., Abid, H. S., & Maulood, B. K. (2010). Application of water quality index for assessment of Dokan lake ecosystem, Kurdistan region, Iraq. Jour. Water Resour. Prot., v.2 (09), pp.792.

APHA, (2012). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater (20thEd.). Washington D.C.: American Public and Health Association. pp. 6-187.

Bidhuri, S., Khan, M.M.A. (2020). Assessment of Ground Water Quality of Central and Southeast Districts of NCT of Delhi. J Geol Soc India 95, 95–103. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-020-1390-7.

Boah, D. K., Twum, S. B., & Pelig-Ba, K. B. (2015). Mathematical computation of water quality index of Vea dam in upper East region of Ghana. Environmental Sciences, 3(1), 11-16. 8. Boyacioglu H (2007) Development of a water quality index based on a European classification scheme. Water SA 33(1):101–106.

Boyacioglu, H. (2010). Utilization of the water quality index method as a classification tool. Environ Monit Assess 167, 115–124. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-1035-1 10. Brindha, K. and Kavitha, R. (2015). Hydrochemical assessment of surface water and groundwater quality along Uyyakondan channel, south India. Environ. Earth Sci., v.73, pp.5383–5393.

Brown R.M, McClelland N.I, Deininger R.A, Tozer R.G. (1970). Water quality index—do we dare? Water Sew Works 117(10):339–343.

Brown, R.M., McClelland, N.I., Deininger, R.A. and O’Connor, M. F. (1972). A water quality index—crashing the psychological barrier. In: Indicators of environmental quality, Springer, Boston, MA, (pp. 173–182).

Clark, I.D. and Fritz, P. (1997). Environmental isotopes in hydrogeology. Boca Raton, FL, Taylor & Francis. 342 p. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781482242911

Deshpande S.M. and Aher K.R. (2011). Quality of Groundwater from Tribakeswar-Peth area of Nashik District and its Suitability for Domestic and Irrigation Purpose, Gond. Geol. Mag., 26 (2).pp157-162.

Deshpande S.M, Aher K.R (2012). Evaluation of groundwater quality and its suitability for drinking and agriculture use in parts of Vaijapur, District Aurangabad, MS, India. Res J Chem Sci 2(1):25–31

Fenta, A.A., Kifle, A., Gebreyohannes, T. and Hailu G. (2015). Spatial analysis of groundwater potential using remote sensing and GIS-based multi-criteria evaluation in Raya Valley, northern Ethiopia. Hydrogeol J 23, 195–206 (2015).

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-014-1198-x

Forstner, U. K. and Wittman, G.T.W. (1981). Metal pollution in the aquatic environment, Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, 255p.

Frengstad B, Banks D, Siewers U (2001). The chemistry of Norwegian groundwaters: IV. The dependence of element concentrations in crystalline bedrock groundwaters. Sci Total Environ 277:101–117.

Hem, J.D. (1991). Study and Interpretation of the Chemical Characteristics of Natural Water. USGS Professional Paper book, 3rd Edition, Scientific Publ., Jodhpur, 2254p.

Horton R.K (1965). An index number system for rating water quality. J Water Pollut Control Fed 37(3):300–306

Indian Standard Specification for Drinking Water (2012). IS-10500-2012. Indian Standards Institution, New Delhi.

Jagadeeswari, P. B., & Ramesh, K. (2012). Water quality index for assessment of water quality in South Chennai coastal aquifer, Tamil Nadu, India. International Journal of Chem Tech Research, 4(4), 1582-1588.

Jerome, C. and Anitha Pius (2010). Evaluation of Water Quality and its Impact on the Quality of Life in an Industrial Area in Bangalore, South India. Amer. Jour. Sci. Ind. Res, v. (3), pp.595–603.

Ketata, M., Gueddari, M. and Bouhlila, R. (2012). Use of geographical information system and water quality index to assess groundwater quality in El Khairat deep aquifer (Enfidha, Central East Tunisia). Arabian Jour. Geosci., v. 5(6), pp.1379–1390.

BPAS / Vol. 39-F, Geology(Geological Science), No. 2 / July-December 2020

Satish M. Deshpande, Rupesh K. Aher, Ganesh D. Gaikwad, Kailash R. Aher

Krishan, G., Sharma, L.M., Yadav, B.K. and Ghosh, N.C. (2016). Analysis of Water Level Fluctuations and TDS Variations in the Groundwater at Mewat (Nuh) District, Haryana (India). Curr. World Environ. v. 11(2), pp.388.

Kumari, M., Rai, S.C. (2020). Hydrogeochemical Evaluation of Groundwater Quality for Drinking and Irrigation Purposes Using Water Quality Index in Semi Arid Region of India. J Geol Soc India 95, 159–168. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-020-1405-4.

Latha, P.S. and Rao, K.N. (2010). Assessment and Spatial Distribution of Quality of Groundwater in Zoneii and III, Greater Visakhapatnam, India using Water Quality Index (WQI) and GIS. Internat. Jour. Environ. Sci., v. 1(2), pp.198–212.

Leduc, C., Pulido-Bosch, A. and Remini, B. (2017). Anthropization of groundwater resources in the mediterranean region: processes and challenges. Hydrogeol. Jour., v.25, pp.1529– 1547.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-017-1572-6

Li, P. (2016) Groundwater quality in western China: challenges and paths forward for groundwater quality research in western China.

Morris B.L, Lawrence A.R.L, Chilton P.J.C, Adams B, Calow R.C, Ba K (2003). Groundwater and its susceptibility to degradation: a global assessment of the problem and options for management. Early Warning and Assessment Report Series, RS. 03–3, United Nations Environment Program, Nairobi, Kenya, 126 pp

Prasanna M.V, Chidambaram S, Hameed A.S, Srinivasamoorthy K (2011). Hydrogeochemical analysis and evaluation of groundwater quality in the Gadilam River basin, Tamil Nadu, India. J Earth Syst Sci 120(1):85–98

Schot, P.P. and Van der Wal, J. (1992). Human impact on regional groundwater composition through intervention in natural flow patterns and changes in land use. Jour. Hydrol., v.134, pp.297–313.

Shah, K.A., and Joshi, G.S. (2017). Evaluation of water quality index for River Sabarmati, Gujarat, India. Appl Water Sci 7, 1349–1358. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-015-0318-7 34. Siddha, S., Sahu, P. (2020). A Statistical Approach to Study the Evolution of Groundwater of Vishwamitri River Basin (VRB), Gujarat. J Geol Soc India 95, 503–506. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-020-1468-2

Stevanovic, Z. (2010). Utilization and regulation of springs. In: Kresic, N., Stevanovic, Z., (Eds.), Groundwater hydrology of springs: engineering, theory, management, and sustainability. Butterworth-Heinemann, 388 p.

Subba Rao, N., John Devadas, D., and Srinivasa Rao, K. V. (2006). Interpretation of groundwater quality using principal component analysis from Ananthapur district, Andhra Pradesh, India. Environmental Geosciences, 13, 1–21.

Todd, D.K. (1980) Groundwater hydrology, Wiley, New York.

Tyagi S, Sharma B, Singh P, Dobhal R (2013). Water quality assessment in terms of water quality index. Am J Water Resour 1(3):34–38

US EPA (2009). Environmental impact and benefits assessment for final effluent guidelines and standards for the construction and development category. Office of Water, Washington, DC. EPA-821-R-09-012

Verma, D.K., Bhunia, G.S., Shit, P.K. and Tiwari A.K., (2018). Assessment of Groundwater Quality of the Central Gangetic Plain Area of India Using Geospatial and WQI Techniques. J Geol Soc India 92, 743–752 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-018-1097-1

WHO (1984) Guidelines for drinking water quality, World Health Organization, Geneva. 42. Yogendra, K. and Puttaiah, E. T. (2008). Determination of water quality index and suitability of an urban water body in Shimoga Town, Karnataka. In: Proc. Taal2007: The 12th world lake conference, v.342, p.346.