Application of Water Quality Index and Multivariate Statistical Analysis in the Hydrogeochemical Assessment of Shallow Groundwater in Part of Purna Basin, Maharashtra, India

Authors

  • K R Aher Regional Water Testing Laboratory, Deputy Director Office, Groundwater Surveys and Development Agency, Near SAO office, Darga Road, Aurangabad, Maharashtra 431005, India
  • P B Pathrikar Department of Geology, Rajashri Shahu College, Pathri, Dist. Aurangabad, Maharashtra 431506, India
  • R B Golekar Department of Geology, Khare - Dhere - Bhosale College, Guhagar, Dist. Ratnagiri, Maharashtra 415703, India
  • G D Gaikwad Department of Geology & Geo-informatics, Shri Shivaji College of Arts, Commerce and Science, Akola, Maharashtra 444001, India
  • A R Borgawkar Department of Geology, Institute of Science, Caves road, Aurangabad, Maharashtra 431001, India
  • P V Kathane Deputy Director, Groundwater Surveys and Development Agency, Amrawati, Maharashtra 444601, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48165/

Keywords:

Water quality Index, Multivariate statistical analysis, Descriptive statistics, Gibbs and Piper diagram, GP-2 watershed, Purna Basin, Maharashtra, India

Abstract

In the present study, descriptive statistics, multivariate statistical technique and geochemical technique  was applied to assess the major factors controlling the hydro-geochemistry of the GP-2 watershed, part of  Purna basin, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India. Twenty-one (21) groundwater samples were collected  covering entire part of watershed. Groundwater samples were tested for their physico-chemical  parameters such as pH, electrical Conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness (TH),  calcium (Ca++), magnesium (Mg++), sodium (Na+), potassium,(K+) chlorides (Cl-), sulphate (SO4-),  carbonate (CO3-), bicarbonate (HCO3-), nitrate (NO3-), and fluoride (F-). The results were evaluated and  compared with WHO (2011) and BIS (2012) water quality standards. The piper trilinear diagram shows  that groundwater samples are of mixed CaNaHCO3 and CaHCO3 type. According to Gibbs diagram, the  predominant samples fall in the rock–water interaction dominance field. Based on the WQI results  majority of the samples show their excellent to good category. Hydrogeochemical parameters are further  studied using statistical tools such as descriptive, correlation and cluster analyses, and Factor analysis.  In summary, it is observed that the hydro-geochemical processes are more dominated in study area and  the groundwater chemistry is controlled by geogenic and anthropogenic processes such as cation  exchange process at soil water interface, domestic waste, solubility of minerals, and dissolution of lithogenic materials and pollution from application of fertilizers and pesticides to agricultural lands. 

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Published

2020-11-25

Issue

Vol. 39 No. 2 (2020): Bulletin of Pure and Applied Sciences Geology (Jul-Dec) 2020

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Aher, K.R., Pathrikar, P.B., Golekar, R.B., Gaikwad, G.D., Borgawkar, A.R., & Kathane , P.V. (2020). Application of Water Quality Index and Multivariate Statistical Analysis in the Hydrogeochemical Assessment of Shallow Groundwater in Part of Purna Basin, Maharashtra, India . Bulletin of Pure and Applied Sciences-Geology , 39(2), 239–255. https://doi.org/10.48165/
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