Sedimentation Pattern and its Controlling Factors in Indian Lakes

Pranaya Diwate; Firoz Khan; Sakshi Maurya; Narendra Kumar  Meena; Samaya   Humane; Rushikesh Baburao Golekar

doi:10.48165/

Authors

Pranaya Diwate Centre for Climate Change and Water Research, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302017, India
Firoz Khan Department of Geology, H.N.B. Garhwal Central University, Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand 246174, India
Sakshi Maurya Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, 33 GMS road Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248001, India
Narendra Kumar Meena Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, 33 GMS road Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248001, India
Samaya Humane Department of Geology, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440001, India
Rushikesh Baburao Golekar Department of Geology, Khare Dhere Bhosale College, Guhagar District Ratnagiri, Maharashtra 415703, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48165/

Keywords:

Indian Lakes, Dating techniques, Sedimentation rate, Temperature and Precipitation

Abstract

Sedimentation in lakes occurs from the time of its formation and continues till the final deposition. The rate of sedimentation varies depending upon climate, geology, soil cover and relief. In the present study, an attempt has been made to investigate the distribution and variation of sedimentation rate in Indian lakes. For this purpose, Indian lakes are classified into three zones viz., North Indian lakes (NIL), Central Indian lakes (CIL), South Indian lakes (SIL) and 27 sampling points distributed throughout India has been considered among all three zones. Correlation of rate of sedimentation data with catchment area, surface area and lithology is done in order to understand the controlling factors, rainfall and temperature data are also taken into consideration to know the effect on the sedimentation rate. In all three zones, the highest precipitation observed 2488, 1800 and 4000 mm/yr in the Nainital lake, Chilika lake and Pookot lake, respectively and temperature fluctuations in the northern region of India is higher than the central and southern region. The results showed that the NIL have relatively higher sedimentation rate compared to the CIL and SIL due to slopy terrain, higher precipitation, temperature and lithological inconsistency in northern Indian region whereas all these factors are less effective in other two zones with a minor contribution from other independent factors. NIL have ~0.634-0.804 cm/yr and ~0.636-1.117 cm/yr more sedimentation rate than CIL and SIL, respectively.

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