Adenosine Deaminase Levels in Cerebrospinal Fluid in Different Etiology of Meningitis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48165/0v2t6j19Keywords:
CSF-Adenosine deaminase, Differential Diagnosis of Meningitis, Tuberculous meningitis, Viral meningitis & Pyogenic meningitisAbstract
Background: Meningitis is a medical emergency as it can be life threatening because of the inflammation proximity to brain and spinal cord. If not recognized earlier, it can lead to serious long term neurological sequelae like deafness, epilepsy, hydrocephalus and cognitive deficits. Subjects and Methods: The study included 75 patients of meningitis, on the basis of clinical findings, CSF findings and MRI brain who were admitted to the emergency and ICU of the hospital. Results: There were 63% male and 37% females in TBM 73.9% male and 26.1% females in PM and 72% male and 28% females in VM group. Conclusion: CSF ADA is markedly raised in tubercular meningitis, while lower ADA values are seen in pyogenic meningitis and viral meningitis.
References
1. A Adams and R.A. Harkness. A Brief Communication: ADA activity in thymus and other human tissues. Clin. Exp. Immunol 1976; 26: 647 – 649
2. Abe C, Hirano K, Wada M, Kazumi Y, Takahashi M, Fukasawa Y, Yoshimura T, et al. Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in clinical specimens by polymerase chain reaction and Gene probe Ampli ed Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Direct Test. J ClinMicrobiol 1993; 31 (12): 3270-3274
3. Allan H. Rooper, Martin A Samuels. Adams and Victor's Principles of Neurology. 9th ed. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 2009;32:668-690 Infections of the Nervous System and Sarcoidosis and 2009;33:712-713 Viral Infections of the Nervous System, Chronic Meningitis and Prion Diseases.
4. Van de Beek D, De Gans J, Spanjaard L, Weisfelt M, Reitsma JB, Vermeulen M. Clinical features and prognostic factors in adults with bacterial meningitis. New Eng J Med. 2004;351(18):1849-59.
5. Roos KL, Tyler KL. Meningitis, Encephalitis, Brain abscess, and Empyema. In Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. 16th ed. NewYork: McGraw-Hill Professional; 2004. p.2471-90
6. Sharma SK, Mohan A. Adenosine deaminase in the diagnosis of tuberculosis pleural effusion. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci. 1996;38(2):69–71.
7. Malan C, Donald PR, Golden M, Taljaard JJ. Adenosine deaminase levels in cerebrospinal fluid in the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis. J Trop Med Hyg. 1984;87(1):33–40
8. Gupta B K, Bharat Vinay, BandyopadhyayDebapriya. Sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values of Adenosine deaminase in patients of Tubercular and Non-Tubercular Serosal Effusion in India. J Clin Med Res. 2010 Jun;2(3):121–126.
9. Tuon FF, Higashino HR, Lopes I, Litvoc MN, Atomiya AN, Antonangelo L, et al. Adenosine deaminase and tuberculous meningitis A systematic review with meta-analysis. Scand J Infect Dis. 2010;42:198–207.
10. Moghtaderi A, Niazi A, Alavi-Naini R, Yaghoobi S, Narouie B. Comparative analysis of cerebrospinal fluid adenosine deaminase in tuberculous and non-tuberculous meningitis. ClinNeurolNeurosurg. 2010;112:459–62.
11. Gupta BK, Bharat A, Debapriya B, Baruah H. Adenosine deaminase levels in CSF of tuberculous meningitis patients. J Clin Med Res. 2010;2(5):220–4.
12. Agarwal S. Study of adenosine deaminase activity as a biochemical marker of cell mediated immunity in tuberculous meningitis, tuberculous pleural effusions and tuberculous ascites. J Medicine. 2012;13:32–38.
13. Gautam N, Aryal M, Bhatta N, Bhattacharya SK, Baral N, Lamsal M.
Comparative study of cerebrospinal fluid adenosine deaminase activity in patients with meningitis. Nepal Med Coll J. 2007;9(2):104–6. 14. Belagavi AC, Shalini M. Cerebrospinal fluid C reactive protein and adenosine deaminase in meningitis in adults. JAPI. 2011;59:557–60. 15. Mehta M, Shah J, Leuva AT. CSF ADA as diagnostic tool for tuberculous meningitis patients. NJIRM. 2012;3(3):160–4. 16. Abdolbagi MH, Dezfuli AR, Soudbakhsh AR, Rasulinejad M, Golestani B. Diagnostic evaluation of adenosine deaminase in cerebrospinal fluid in tuberculous meningitis. Kanun Med J. 2006;8(4):23-8.
17. Giusti G. Adenosine deaminase. In: Bergmeyer H.U., editor. Method of enzymatic analysis. II. Florida: VCH Weinheim; 1974. p. 1072.
18. Chander A, Shrestha CD. Cerebrospinal fluid adenosine deaminase levels as a diagnostic marker in tuberculous meningitis in adult Nepalese patients. Asian Pac J Trop Dis. 2013;3(1):16–9.
19. Choi SH, KimYS, Bae IG, Chung JW, Lee MS, Kang JM, Ryu J, Woo JH. The possible role of cerebrospinal fluid adenosine deaminase activity in the diagnosis of tubercular.
20. Chotmongkol V, Teerajetgul GY, Yodwut C. Cerebrospinal fluid adenosine deaminase activity for the diagnosis of tubercular meningitis in adults. Southeast Asia J Trop Med Public Health. 2006;37:948-52.
