Evaluation of Incidence of Hepatitis C in Health Care Workers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48165/rszph732Keywords:
HCV marker, Dialysis Centers (Units), health care workers, riskfactors, Khartoum State, SudanAbstract
Background: Hepatitis C virus infection continues to be a major public health problem warranting high priority efforts for control and treatment. Aim: An observational, cross-sectional facility-based study was conducted to measure the prevalence of HCV infection and to identify risk factors associated with HCV infection among health care workers. Subjects and Methods: A total of 109 participants were selected. It conducted through stratified random sampling. For the analysis, Z-test and Fisher’s exact test were used. All participants in this study were tested for HCV marker (Anti-HC). Results: The positive for Anti-HC was found to be 1.8% (2/109), which was found among nurses and paramedics. The results showed association between Anti-HC positivity and blood transfusion, frequency of blood transfusion and exposure to sharp injuries, P values (0.003, 0.0001 and 0.029) respectively. Conclusion: Prevalence rate of Anti-HC was found to be low in HCWs (1.8%). The prevalence rate was found among nurses and medical engineers. Blood transfusion, frequency of blood transfusion and exposures to sharp injuries to be risk factors with Anti-HC positivity.
References
1. Atreyi Chakraborty et al. 2015. A Retrospective Study on the Sero prevalence of Hepatitis C Infection in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kolkata, India. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci., 4(3): 115-123.
2. Chandra, M., Khaja, M.N., Farees, N., Poduri, C.D., Hussain, M.M., Aejaz, H., et al. 2003. Prevalence risk factors and genotype distribution of HCV and HBV infection in the tribal population: A community based study in South India. Trop. Gastroenterol., 24: 193–94.
3. Chandrasekaran, S., Palaniappan, N., Krishnan, V., Mohan, G., Chandrasekaran, N. 2000. Relative prevalence of hepatitis B viral markers and hepatitis C virus antibodies (anti HCV) in Madurai, south India. Indian J. Med. Sci., 54: 270-73.
4. Chen, S.L., Morgan, T.R. 2006. The natural history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Int. J. Med. Sci., 47–52.
5. Farag, M.M., Sofy, A.R., Mousa, A.A., Ahmed, M.A., Alganzory, M.R. Molecular Assay and Genotyping of Hepatitis C Virus among Infected Egyptian and Saudi Arabian Patients. Virology (Auckl)., 6:110.
6. Gao, X., Cui, Q., Shi, X., Su, J., Peng, Z., Chen, X., et al. 2011. Prevalence and trend of hepatitis C virus infection among blood donors in Chinese mainland: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis., 11: 88.
7. Gowri, V., C. Chandraleka, R. Vanaja. 2012. The Current Seroprevalence of Hepatitis C Virus in a Tertiary Care Centre in Vellore, Tamil Nadu. Indian J. Community Med., Volume: 37 Issue: 2, 37.
8. Gowri, V., Chandraleka, C., Vanaja, R. 2012. The current seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus in a tertiary care centre in Vellore, Tamil Nadu. Indian J. Community Med., 37: 137.
9. Jaiswal, S.P., Chitnis, D.S., Naik, G., Artwani, K.K., Pandit, C.S., Salgia, P., et al., Prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies in central India. Indian J. Med. Res., 104: 177–81.
10. Khaja, M.N., Madhavi, C., Thippavazzula, R., Nafeesa, F., Habib AM, Habibullah CM, et al. 2006. High prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection and genotype distribution among general population, blood donors and risk groups. Infect. Genet. Evol., 6: 198–204.
11. Mishra, S., Chayani, N., Sarangi, G., Mallick, B., Pati, S.B. 2002. Seroprevalence of anti HCV antibody in and around Cuttack, Orissa. Indian J. Med. Microbiol., 20: 401.
12. Mukhopadhyaya, A. 2008. Hepatitis C in India. J. Biosci., 33: 465–473. 13. Parisa Ebrahimzadeh, Mohammadreza Haghshena and Farhang Babamahmoodi. The Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes in Mazandaran Province, Iran Jundishapur J. Microbiology.
14. Parveen Malhotra, Vani Malhotra, Naveen Malhotra, Ishita Singh, Ajay Chugh and Abhishek Chaturvedi. Epidemiological Profile of Hepatitis C Patients at India’s New Hub –Haryana Adv. Res. Gastroentero Hepatol., 1(1): ARGH.MS.ID.555554.
15. Ponamgi, S.P., Rahamathulla, S., Kumar, Y.N., Chandra, M., Lakshmi, N., Habibullah, C.M., et al. 2009. Prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection in HIV infected individuals in south India and characterization of HCV genotypes. Indian J. Med. Microbiol., 27: 12– 6.
16. Preeti, B., Mindolli, Manjunath, P., Salmani. 2015. Seroprevalence of Hepatitis C Virus in a Tertiary Care Centre in Vijaypur, Karnataka, India. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Appl. Sci., Volume 4 Number 10: pp. 956- 959.
17. Rajesh, N., Gacche and Sadiq K. Al-Mohani, 2012. “Seroprevalence and Risk Factors for Hepatitis C Virus Infection among General Population in Central Region of Yemen,” Hepatitis Research and Treatment, vol. 2012, Article ID 689726, 4 pages, 2012.
18. Saravanan, S,. Velu, V., Kumarasamy, N., Nandakumar, S., Murugavel, K.G., Balakrishnan, P., et al. 2007. Coinfection of hepatiits B and hepatitis C virus in HIV infected patients in south India. World J. Gastroenterol., 13: 5015– 20.
19. Shepard, C.W., L. Finelli, and M. J. Alter, 2005. “Global epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection,” The Lancet Infectious Dis., vol. 5, no. 9, pp. 558– 567.
20. Shobokshi, O.A., F.E. Serebour, A.Z. Al Drees, A.H. Mitwalli, A. Qahtani, and L.I. Skakni. 2003. “Hepatitis C virus seroprevalence rate among Saudis,” Saudi Med. J., vol. 24, supplement 2, pp. S81– S86.
21. Sy, T. and M. Mazen Jamal. 2006. “Epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection,” Int. J. Med. Sci., vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 41– 46, 2006. 22. Tripathi, A.K., Khanna, M., Gupta, N., Chandra, M. 2007. Low prevalence of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus coinfection in patients with human immunodeficiency virus in Northern India. J. Assoc. Physicians India, 55: 429–31.
23. Wasley, A. and M.J. Alter. 2000. “Epidemiology of hepatitis C: geographic differences and temporal trends,” Seminars in Liver Disease, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 1–16.
24. Who hepatitis C fact sheet updated July, 2016. Zidan, A., Scheuerlein, H., Schule, S., Settmacher, U., Rauchfuss, F. 2012. Epidemiological pattern of hepatitis B and hepatitis C as etiological agents for hepatocellular carcinoma in iran and worldwide. Hepat Mon., 12(10 HCC).
