DEVELOPMENT AND STORAGE STABILITY OF LOW-CALORIE HILL LEMON AND GINGER READY-TO-SERVE (RTS) BEVERAGE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48165/abr.2026.28.01.20Keywords:
Ginger, hill lemon, low-calorie beverage, ready-to-serve, storageAbstract
The growing consumer demand for healthier beverages has increased interest in functional drinks with enhanced nutritional benefits. The present study aimed to develop, standardize, and evaluate a low-calorie ready-to-serve (RTS) beverage combining hill lemon (Citrus pseudolimon Tan.) and ginger (Zingiber officinale) juice blends as a refreshing antioxidant-rich drink. Fresh hill lemon fruits (447 g average weight, 42.7% juice yield, and 4.94% acidity) and ginger juice with high antioxidant activity (72%) but low TSS (3.1°Brix) were used. Three formulations were prepared using different ratios of hill lemon-ginger juice and sweeteners (sugar, sorbitol, honey, and stevia). The highest sensory acceptability was observed for the 85:15 juice ratio with a stevia: sugar (75:25) blend. Nutritional analysis showed that stevia-based formulations significantly reduced sugar content while maintaining antioxidant activity and ascorbic acid. FTIR analysis confirmed functional groups (O–H, C–H, and C–O) associated with key bioactive compounds. During 90 days of storage, acidity, ascorbic acid, antioxidant activity, and sensory quality gradually declined, with glass bottles performing better than PET. Overall, the developed low-calorie hill lemon–ginger RTS beverage shows strong potential as a functional drink for health-conscious consumers and commercial applications.
Downloads
References
Ahmed, W., & Azmat, R. (2019). Citrus: An ancient fruit of promise for health benefits. In Citrus—Health benefits and production technology (pp. 19–30). IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.79686
Amir, R. M., Anjum, F. M., Khan, M. I., Khan, M. R., Pasha, I., & Nadeem, M. (2013). Application of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for the identification of wheat varieties. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 50(5), 1018–1023.
Ayustaningwarno, F., Anjani, G., Ayu, A. M., & Fogliano, V. (2024). A critical review of ginger (Zingiber officinale) antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities. Frontiers in Nutrition, 11, 1364836. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1364836
Chauhan, D. K., Puranik, V., & Rai, G. K. (2012). Development of functional herbal RTS beverage. Scientific Reports, 1, 541.
Coates, J. (2006). Interpretation of infrared spectra: A practical approach. In R. A. Meyers & M. L. McKelvy (Eds.), Encyclopedia of analytical chemistry (pp. 10815–10837). John Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470027318.a5606
FAO. (2023). FAOSTAT statistical database. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. https://www.fao.org/faostat
FSSAI. (2017). Food safety and standards (food products standards and food additives) regulations. Food Safety and Standards Authority of India.
Gallagher, A. M., Ashwell, M., Halford, J. C. G., Hardman, C. A., Maloney, N. G., & Raben, A. (2021). Low-calorie sweeteners in the human diet: Scientific evidence, recommendations, challenges and future needs. Journal of Nutritional Science, 10, e7. https://doi.org/10.1017/jns.2020.59
Goyal, S. K., Samsher, & Goyal, R. K. (2010). Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana): A bio-sweetener—A review. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 61, 1–10.
Hariharan, G., & Mahendran, T. (2016). Physicochemical, sensory and microbial evaluation of ginger-lime ready-to-serve (RTS) functional beverage sweetened by palmyra sugar candy. Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research, 2(5), 1545.
Hopfer, H., Buffon, P. A., Ebeler, S. E., & Heymann, H. (2013). Effects of storage temperature and packaging on wine properties. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 61(13), 3320–3334.
Jeney-Nagymaté, E., & Fodor, P. (2008). Stability of vitamin C in beverages. British Food Journal, 110, 296–309.
Kaur, H., Kaushik, U., Choudhary, N., & Kukreti, N. (2025). Citrus pseudolimon: An overview of an underutilized plant. Current Indian Science, 3. https://doi.org/10.2174/012210299x367133250319044251
Kedare, S. B., & Singh, R. P. (2011). Development of DPPH antioxidant assay. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 48(4), 412–422.
Kizzie-Hayford, N., Seidu-Larry, S., Owusu-Ansah, S., Quaye, B., & Ampofo, J. (2024). Influence of sweeteners on roselle beverage quality and acceptability. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 2024, 1–10.
Ladaniya, M. S. (2008). Citrus fruit: Biology, technology and evaluation. Academic Press.
Lemus-Mondaca, R., Vega-Gálvez, A., Zura-Bravo, L., & Ah-Hen, K. (2012). Stevia rebaudiana as a natural sweetener: A review. Food Chemistry, 132, 1121–1132.
Li, J., Zhang, C., Liu, H., Liu, J., & Jiao, Z. (2020). Sugar and organic acid profiles of fruit juices. Journal of Food Quality, 2020, 1–11.
Liauchonak, I., Qorri, B., Dawoud, F., Riat, Y., & Szewczuk, M. R. (2019). Non-nutritive sweeteners and metabolic syndrome. Nutrients, 11(3), 644. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11030644
Mankal, N., Badrakiya, K., Mayanglambam, A., Chakraborty, A., & Rajagopal, S. (2025). Role of packaging materials in preserving antioxidant activity. Food Nutrition Chemistry, 3, 532. https://doi.org/10.18686/fnc532
Matin, M., Joshi, T., Wang, D., Tzvetkov, N. T., Matin, F. B., Wierzbicka, A., et al. (2024). Effects of ginger (Zingiber officinale) on aging. Biomolecules, 14(8), 940. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom14080940
Moldovan, B., & David, L. (2020). Influence of sweeteners on anthocyanin stability. Foods, 9, 1266. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9091266
NHB. (2024). Horticultural statistics at a glance 2023–24. National Horticulture Board.
Puranik, V., Chauhan, D. K., & Mishra, V. (2013). Development of herbal functional RTS beverage. International Journal of Biotechnology Research, 1(3), 28–37.
Rahman, N., Ahmed, T., Alam, M. K. U., Nayik, G. A., & Sarwar, N. (2024). Bitterness in citrus fruits. In A. K. Gupta et al. (Eds.), Citrus fruits and juice (pp. 133–159). Springer.
Ranganna, S. (2020). Handbook of analysis and quality control for fruit and vegetable products (2nd ed.). Tata McGraw-Hill.
Rao, P. V. K. J., Das, M., & Das, S. K. (2009). Thermo-physical properties of fruit juices. Journal of Food Engineering, 90(4), 559–566.
Rizvi, N. B., Fatima, A., Busquets, R., Khan, M. R., Ashraf, S., Khan, M. S., et al. (2023). Folin-Ciocalteu assay for phenolic content analysis. Food Analytical Methods, 16, 1627–1634.
Saentaweesuk, S., Chaikham, P., & Jirasatid, S. (2025). Reduced-calorie mango juice evaluation. Food Chemistry Advances, 8, 101097. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.focha.2025.101097
Sethy, S., Sharma, K., Dagar, A., & Mogra, R. (2018). Effect of storage on fruit beverages. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 7, 1138–1147.
Shalaby, E. A., Shanab, S. M. M., Hafez, R. M., Elansary, H. O., Mahmoud, E. A., & Yessoufou, K., et al. (2023). Chemical constituents of ginger (Zingiber officinale). Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture, 10, 14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40538-023-00385-9
Smith, B. C. (2011). Fundamentals of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (2nd ed.). CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/b10777
Sonwane, C. G., & Reshi, N. A. (2022). Development of probiotic lemon-ginger beverage. NeuroQuantology, 20(20), 2955–2963.
Tsotsou, G., & Potiriadi, I. (2022). UV/Vis spectrophotometric methodology for stevia extracts. Food Control, 137, 108932. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.108932
Usman, M., Hashmi, M. S., Ahmad, A., Ahmad, F., & Alam, Z. (2024). Physicochemical characteristics of stevia-sweetened orange drink. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 40(2), 354–361.
Varalakshmi, G. (2025). Application of ANOVA in biological research. Journal of Experimental Agriculture International, 47(9), 520–527.
Westlake, J. R., Tran, M. W., Jiang, Y., Zhang, X., Burrows, A. D., & Xie, M. (2022). Biodegradable active packaging. ACS Food Science & Technology, 2(8), 1166–1183.
Zhang, R. Y., Gao, J. H., Shi, Y. L., Lan, Y. F., Liu, H. M., Zhu, W. X., et al. (2022). Structure and antioxidant activity of polysaccharides from sesame seed hull. Frontiers in Nutrition, 9, 928972. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.928972

