CALLUS INDUCTION FROM THE FRONDS OF GREATER DUCKWEED (Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleid) AND ASSESSMENT OF ITS ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48165/abr.2024.26.01.34Keywords:
Antimicrobial, callus induction, flavonoids, plant growth regulators, zone of inhibitionAbstract
Greater duckweed (Spirodela polyrrhiza (L.) Schleid. are known to propagate excessively in stagnant eutrophic water bodies resulting in the contamination of daughter fronds which can affect their secondary metabolite profile. The present study was aimed in establish organogenic callus from the fronds of greater duckweeds; to optimize a protocol by utilizing different plant growth regulators for future use and to screen the antimicrobially potent metabolites present in callus. The induction of callus was successful using sterile fronds of Spirodela polyrrhiza (L.) Schleid as explants in MS, B5 and SH media fortified with plant growth regulators namely IBA and BAP. SH basal medium fortified with IBA and BA in 2:1 ratio was most effective in callus induction. B5 medium fortified with 2.0 µM IBA + 4.0 µM BAP showed highest callus induction in S. polyrrhiza with lower days to callus induction as reflective in their overall biomass. The callus extract showed efficient antimicrobial effect on Pseudomonas aeroginosa (MTCC accession No. 3451) with ampicillin and chloramphenicol as reference antibiotics. Presence of flavonoids like orientin, genistin and apigetrin were indicated in the LC-MS data which might be responsible for antimicrobial activity in a synergistic manner.
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Bhosale, P.B., Kim, H.H., Abusaliya, A., Jeong, S.H. Park, M.Y. Kim, H.W. Seong, J.K. Ahn, M. Park, K.I. and Heo, J.D. 2023. Inhibition of cell proliferation and cell death by apigetrin through death receptor-mediated pathway in hepatocellular cancer cells. Biomolecules, 13: 1131-1138.
Bog, M., Appenroth, K.J., and Sree, K.S. 2019. Duckweed (Lemnaceae): Its molecular taxonomy.
Frontiers in Sustainable Food System, 3: 117-128.
Cho, S.E., Kim, B.W., Kwon, R., Rhim, T.J. and Kim, D.H. 2008. The effect of Spirodelae Herba pharmacopuncture on adipocyte metabolism. Journal of Korean Institute of Herbal Acupuncture, 11: 71-82.
Clark, W.M. 1925. The Determination of Hydrogen Ions. Williams and Wilkins Co., Baltimore, Madison, USA.
Coler, R.A. and Gunner H.B. 1969. The rhizosphere of an aquatic plant (Lemna minor). Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 15: 964-966.
Das, B.K., Das, D.P., Pradhan, J., Priyadarshini, B., Sahu, I., Roy, P. and Mishra B.K. 2012. Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity and phytochemical screening of ethanolic extract of greater duckweed Spirodela polyrrhiza. International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences. 3(3): 822-833.
Driever, S.M., Van nes, E.H. and Roijackers, R.M.M. 2005. Growth limitation of Lemna minor due to high plant density. Aquatic Botany, 81: 245-251.
Ghosh, S.K. 2005. Illustrated aquatic and wetland plants in harmony with mankind. Standard Literature, 1: 225.
Goopy, J.P. and Murray, P.J. 2003. A review on the role of duckweed in nutrient reclamation and as a source of animal feed. Asian-Australacean Journal of Animal Science, 16: 297-305.
Gupta, S. and Sil, S.K. 2023. Association between Spirodela polyrrhiza and blue green algae in aquatic habitats and in vitro conditions in relation to metabolite concentrations under monoculture and co-culture. Environmental and Experimental Biology, 21(2): 53-60.
Hastwell, G.T., Daniel, A.J. and Vivian-Smith, G. 2008. Predicting invasiveness in exotic species: Do subtropical native and invasive exotic aquatic plants differ in their growth responses to macronutrients. Diversity and Distributions, 14(2): 243-251.
Hillman, W.S. 1961. Experimental control of flowering in Lemna. III. A relationship between medium composition and the opposite photoperiodic responses of L. perpusilla 6746 and L. gibba. American Journal of Botany, 48: 413-419.
Huang, M., Ma, X., Zhong, Y., Hu, Q, Fu, M and Han, Y. 2018. Callus induction and plant regeneration of Spirodela polyrhiza. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture, 135: 445-453.
Khondker, M., Nurul Islam, A.K.M. and Makhnun, D.M.A. 1994. Lemna perpusilla: Screening on habitat limnology. Bangladesh Journal of Botany, 23(1): 99-106.
Kim, K. and Kim, I. 2000. Structural aspects of the reduced free-floating hydrophyte, Spirodela polyrhiza. Korean Journal of Microscopy, 30: 233-240.
Landolt, E. and Kandeler, R. 1987. Biosystematic Investigations in the Family of Duckweeds (Lemnaceae), Vol. 4: The Family of Lemnaceae - A Monographic Study, Vol. 2 (Phytochemistry, Physiology, Application, Bibliography). Stiftung Ruebel, Switzerland.
Lawrence, E. 1930. Physiological experiments with the Lemnaceae, The American Midland Naturalist, 8: 393-394.
Bhosale, P.B., Kim, H.H., Abusaliya, A., Jeong, S.H. Park, M.Y. Kim, H.W. Seong, J.K. Ahn, M. Park, K.I. and Heo, J.D. 2023. Inhibition of cell proliferation and cell death by apigetrin through death receptor-mediated pathway in hepatocellular cancer cells. Biomolecules, 13: 1131-1138.
Bog, M., Appenroth, K.J., and Sree, K.S. 2019. Duckweed (Lemnaceae): Its molecular taxonomy.
Frontiers in Sustainable Food System, 3: 117-128.
Cho, S.E., Kim, B.W., Kwon, R., Rhim, T.J. and Kim, D.H. 2008. The effect of Spirodelae Herba pharmacopuncture on adipocyte metabolism. Journal of Korean Institute of Herbal Acupuncture, 11: 71-82.
Clark, W.M. 1925. The Determination of Hydrogen Ions. Williams and Wilkins Co., Baltimore, Madison, USA.
Coler, R.A. and Gunner H.B. 1969. The rhizosphere of an aquatic plant (Lemna minor). Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 15: 964-966.
Das, B.K., Das, D.P., Pradhan, J., Priyadarshini, B., Sahu, I., Roy, P. and Mishra B.K. 2012. Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity and phytochemical screening of ethanolic extract of greater duckweed Spirodela polyrrhiza. International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences. 3(3): 822-833.
Driever, S.M., Van nes, E.H. and Roijackers, R.M.M. 2005. Growth limitation of Lemna minor due to high plant density. Aquatic Botany, 81: 245-251.
Ghosh, S.K. 2005. Illustrated aquatic and wetland plants in harmony with mankind. Standard Literature, 1: 225.
Goopy, J.P. and Murray, P.J. 2003. A review on the role of duckweed in nutrient reclamation and as a source of animal feed. Asian-Australacean Journal of Animal Science, 16: 297-305.
Gupta, S. and Sil, S.K. 2023. Association between Spirodela polyrrhiza and blue green algae in aquatic habitats and in vitro conditions in relation to metabolite concentrations under monoculture and co-culture. Environmental and Experimental Biology, 21(2): 53-60.
Hastwell, G.T., Daniel, A.J. and Vivian-Smith, G. 2008. Predicting invasiveness in exotic species: Do subtropical native and invasive exotic aquatic plants differ in their growth responses to macronutrients. Diversity and Distributions, 14(2): 243-251.
Hillman, W.S. 1961. Experimental control of flowering in Lemna. III. A relationship between medium composition and the opposite photoperiodic responses of L. perpusilla 6746 and L. gibba. American Journal of Botany, 48: 413-419.
Huang, M., Ma, X., Zhong, Y., Hu, Q, Fu, M and Han, Y. 2018. Callus induction and plant regeneration of Spirodela polyrhiza. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture, 135: 445-453.
Khondker, M., Nurul Islam, A.K.M. and Makhnun, D.M.A. 1994. Lemna perpusilla: Screening on habitat limnology. Bangladesh Journal of Botany, 23(1): 99-106.
Kim, K. and Kim, I. 2000. Structural aspects of the reduced free-floating hydrophyte, Spirodela polyrhiza. Korean Journal of Microscopy, 30: 233-240.
Landolt, E. and Kandeler, R. 1987. Biosystematic Investigations in the Family of Duckweeds (Lemnaceae), Vol. 4: The Family of Lemnaceae - A Monographic Study, Vol. 2 (Phytochemistry, Physiology, Application, Bibliography). Stiftung Ruebel, Switzerland.
Lawrence, E. 1930. Physiological experiments with the Lemnaceae, The American Midland Naturalist, 8: 393-394.
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