Genetic Diversity In Different Stocks Of Grass Carp  (Ctenopharyngodon Idellus) Inferred By Random Amplified  Polymorphic Dna (Rapd) Markers In India

T L S Samuel Moses; Y Basavaraju; K N Prabhudeva; V  Vinay Kumar; R Prasad Naik

doi:10.48165/

Authors

T L S Samuel Moses Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Karnataka Veterinary Animal Fisheries Sciences University (KVAFSU), Mangalore - 575 002, Karnataka (India)
Y Basavaraju Director of Extension, KVAFSU, Bidar - 585 403, Karnataka (India)
K N Prabhudeva Fisheries Research and Information Centre (I), KVAFSU, Hebbal, Bangalore - 560 094, Karnataka (India)
V Vinay Kumar Regional Centre of CMFRI, Matsya Bhavan, Bhidiya Plot, P.B. No. 17, Veraval - 362 269, Junagadh, Gujarat (India)
R Prasad Naik Regional Centre of Marine Product Export Development Authority, Vishakhapattinam - 530 003, Andhra Pradesh (India)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48165/

Keywords:

Genetic diversity, grass carp, polymorphism, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers

Abstract

Four different stocks of grass carp from different geographical locations viz., Kolkata, Kaikaluru, BRP and Thanjavur representing varied environmental conditions were collected from Kolkata (West Bengal), Kaikaluru (Andhra Pradesh), Shimoga (Karnataka) and Thanjavur (Tamilnadu). The stocks were marked using fin cauterization for easy identification during the growth behaviour studies. Growth behavior sudies conducted under same environmental and management conditions. RAPD analysis was performed for different stocks of grass carp. Of the 100 decamer primers screened, seven primers (OPA 1, OPA 18, OPB 11, OPB 19, OPD 11, OPD 18 and OPE 10) gave consistent and at least two polymorphic bands. The RAPD analysis showed that Kolkata stock had 2.74 to 14.72% higher polymorphic bands in comparison with other stocks. The Kolkata stock was found closely related to Kaikaluru stock but distantly related to Thanjavur stock. Growth trials indicated better performance of Kolkata stock in comparison to other stocks. The r2value between the % polymorphism and mean body weight attained by different stocks of grass carp showed that these two parameters were positively correlated.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

APHA. 1998. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste Water (20th edn.). American Public Health Association,Washington,USA.

Barman, H.K., Ashoktaru Barat, Bharat M. Adav, Sanghamitra Banerjee, Prem Kumar Meher, Padala Venu Gopala Krishna Reddy and Ranjit Kumar Jana, 2003. Genetic variation between four species of Indian major carps as revealed by random amplified polymorphic DNA assay. Aquaculture, 217:115-123.

Basavaraju, Y., Mair, G.C., Pradeep Kumar, S., Mohan Kumar, H.M., Theertha Prasad, D., Kumuda Rani, Jahageerdar, S. and Penman, D.J. 2003. Assessment of common carp stocks for a breeding programme in Karnataka, India. p. E72. In: International Symposium on Genetics in Aquaculture VIII, 9-5 November 2003, Puertovaras, Chile.

Basavaraju, Y., Renuka Devi, B.S., Mukthayakka, G., Purushatham Reddy, L., Mair, G.C., Roderick, E. and Penman, D.J. 1998. Evaluation of marking and tagging methods for genetic studies in carp. Journal of Bioscience, 23: 585-593.

Basavaraju, Y., Theertha Prasad, D., Kumuda Rani, Pradeep Kumar, S., Naika, U.D., Shrinivas, J., Srivastava, P.P., Penman, D.J. and Mair, G.C. 2007. Genetic diversity in common carp stocks assayed by random-amplified polymorphic DNA markers. Aquaculture Research, 38: 147- 155.

Brahmane, M.P., Das, M.K., Sinha, M.R., Sugunan, V.V., Mukherjee, A., Singh, S.N., Prakash, S. P., Maurye and Hajra, A. 2006. Use of RAPD fingerprinting for delineating populations of hilsa shad (Tenualosa ilisha) (Hamilton, 1822). Genetics and Molecular Research, 5: 643-52.

Chandrasekharaiah, H.N. 1989. Status of exotic fish culture in Karnataka. pp. 75-77. In: Exotic Aquatic Species in India: Proceedings of the Workshop on Exotic Aquatic Species in India

Genetic diversity in Grass carp inferred by RAPD 141

(ed. M.M. Joseph), 25-26 April, 1988. Special Publication No. 1. Asian Fisheries Society, Indian Branch, Mangalore, India.

Chattopadhyay, G.N. 1998. Chemical Analysis of Fish Pond Soil and Water. Daya Publishing House, New Delhi, India.

Dinesh, K.R., Lim, T.M., Chan, W.K. and Phang, V.P.E. 1996. Genetic variation inferred from RAPD fingerprinting in three species of tilapia. Aquaculture International, 4: 9-30. FAO. 2013. Fisheries and Aquaculture Statistics; FAO Yearbook 2011. Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome, Italy.

Garg, R.K., Silawat, N., Pramod sairkar, Neetu vijay and Mehrotra, N. N. 2009. RAPD analysis for genetic diversity of two populations of Mystus vittatus (Bloch) of Madhya Pradesh, India. African Journal of Biotechnology, 8: 4032-4038.

ICAR. 2006. Handbook of Fisheries and Aquaculture. Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi. India.

ICAR. 2011. Handbook of Fisheries and Aquaculture. Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India.

Islam, M.S. and Alam, M.S. 2004. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis of four different populations of the Indian major carp, Labeo rohita (Hamilton). Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 20: 407-412.

Jhingran, V.G. 1991. Fish and Fisheries of India (3rd edn.). Hindustan Publishing Corporation, New Delhi, India.

Koh, T.L., Gideon Khoo, Li, Q.F. and Phang, V.P.E. 1999. Genetic diversity among wild forms and cultivated varieties of Discus (Symphysodon spp.) as revealed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting. Aquaculture, 173: 485-497.

Liu, Y.G., Chen, S.L. and Li, B.F. 2007. Genetic differentiation among common and selected hatchery populations of flounder: Evidence from RAPD markers. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 35: 689-695.

Liu, Z.J. 2007. Aquaculture Genome Technologies. Blackwell Publishing, London, UK. Liu, Z.J. and Cordes, J.F. 2004. DNA marker technologies and their applications in aquaculture Delhi, India. netics. Aquaculture, 238:1-37.

Mohindra, V., Khare, P., Kuldeep, K.L., Punia, P., Rajeev, K.S., Barman, A.S. and Lakra, W.S. 2007. Molecular discrimination of five species of masheer from penisular India using RAPD analysis. Acta Zoologica Sinica, 53:725-732.

Mostafa, M.G., Ishtiaq Ahmed, A.S., Rabbane, M.G., Islam, M.N. and Rafiquzzaman, S.M. 2009. Genetic diversity of wild and farmed Kalibau (Labeo calbasu, Hamilton, 1822) by RAPD analysis of the genomic DNA. Ribarstvo, 67: 41-52.

Nalini, R.K. and Krishnan, M. 2011. Farmers focused startegies to enhance local availability of quality fish seed for commercial aquaculture. pp.78-88. In: Farmers as Stakeholders in commercial Aquaculture: A Compendium of Lectures of CIFE Golden Jubilee Mini Symposium (ed. M. Krishnan). 30 April 2011, CIFE, Mumbai, India.

Natarajan, M.V. and Menon, V.R. 1989. Status of exotic fish culture in karnataka. pp. 78-79. In: Exotic Aquatic Species in India. Proceedings of the workshop on exotic aquatic species in India (ed. M.M. Joseph), 25-26 April, 1988. Special publication No.1, Asian Fisheries Society, Mangalore, India.

Nei, M. 1973. Analysis of gene diversity in subdivided populations. Proceedings of National Academy of Sciences (USA), 70: 3321-3323

Nei, M. 1978. Estimation of average heterozygosity and genetic distance from a small number of individuals. Genetics, 89: 583-590.

Nguyen, T.T.T., Hurwood, D., Mather, P., Nanakorn, N., Kamonrat, W. and Bartley, D. 2006. Manual on Applications of Molecular Tools in Aquaculture and Inland Fisheries Management, Part 2: Laboratory Protocols and Data Analysis. NACA Monograph No. 2. p. 134. Network of Aquaculture Centres in Asia-Pacific,Bangkok, Thailand. p. 134.

T.L.S. Samuel Moses et al.

Sreenivasan, A. 1989. Status of some exotic fish introduction in Tamilnadu. pp. 59-62. In: Exotic Aquatic Species in India. Proceedings of the Workshop on Exotic Aquatic Species in India (ed. M.M. Joseph), 25-26 April, 1988. Special Publication No.1, Asian Fisheries Society, Mangalore, India.

Tamura, K., Peterson, D., Peterson, N., Stecher, G., Nei, M. and Kumar, S. 2011. MEGA 5: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods. Molecular Biology and Evolution. DOI:10.1093/ molber/msr(2).

Tassanakajon, A., Siriporn Pongsomboon, Vichien Mphanichayakit, Padermsak Jarayabhand and Vichai Boonsaeng. 1997. Random amplifed polymophic DNA(RAPD) markers for determination of genetic variation in wild populations of the black tiger prawn (Penaeus mondon) in Thailand. Molecular Marine Biology and Biotechnology, 6: 110-115.

Tave, D. 1993. Genetics for Fish Hatchery Managers (2nd edn.). Kluwer Academic Publishers, London.UK.

Williams, J.G.K., Kubelik, A.R., Livak, K.J., Rafalski, F.A. and Tingey, S.V. 1990. DNA polymorphism amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. Nucleic Acids Research, 18: 6531-6535.

Yeh Francis, C., Yang, R.C., Boyle, Timothy, B.J., Ye, Z.H. and Mao Judy, X. 1997. POPGENE, the User-friendly Shareware for Population Genetic Analysis. Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Centre, University of Alberta, Canada.