Molecular Prevalence Of Babesia Bigemina Infection In Cattle  In Western Semi-Arid And Foothill Regions Of Punjab (India)

S A Bhat; Harkirat Singh; N K Singh; S S Rath

doi:10.48165/

Authors

S A Bhat Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141 004, Punjab (India)
Harkirat Singh Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141 004, Punjab (India)
N K Singh Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141 004, Punjab (India)
S S Rath Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141 004, Punjab (India)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48165/

Keywords:

Babesia bigemina, cattle, nested PCR, prevalence, risk factors

Abstract

A nested PCR based prevalence study was done from June, 2011 to May, 2013 to determine the carrier status of Babesia bigemina infection in apparently healthy crossbred cattle from Western semi-arid and Foothill regions of Punjab (India). Of the 278 blood samples collected, an amplicon of 170 bp size was detected in 16.19% animals by nested PCR aa compared to the routine blood smear examination which showed parasitic piroplasms in only 1.80% samples. Regarding various risk factors, statistically non significant variation was observed with respect to zone-wise, sex-wise and age-wise prevalence whereas season-wise disease prevalence showed significant variation (p<0.05).

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Alim, M.A., Das, S., Roy, K., Masuduzzaman, M., Sikder, S., Hassan, M.M., Siddiki, A.Z. and Hossain, M.A. 2012. Prevalence of hemoprotozoan diseases in cattle population of Chittagong division, Bangladesh. Pakistan Veterinary Journal, 32: 221-224.

Ananda, K.J., Placid, E. and Puttalakshmamma, G.C. 2009. Prevalence of hemoprotozoan diseases in crossbred cattle in Bangalore north. Veterinary World, l2: 15-16.

Annetta, Z., Jeremy, S., Gray, H., Skerrett, E. and Mulcahy, G. 2005. Possible mechanisms under lying age-related resistance to bovine babesiosis. Parasitological Immunology, 27: 115-120. Aulakh, G.S., Singla, L.D., Kaur, P. and Alka. 2005. Bovine babesiosis due to Babesia bigemina: haematobiochemical and therapeutic studies. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences, 75: 617-622. Bhat, S.A., Singh, H., Singh, N.K. and Rath, S.S. 2014. Molecular detection of Babesia bigemina infection in apparently healthy cattle of central plain zone of Punjab. Journal of Parasitic diseases, DOI 10.1007/s12639-014-0417-7.

Bock, R., Jackson, L., de Vos, A. and Jorgensen, W. 2004. Babesiosis of cattle. Parasitology, 129: 247-269.

Bose, R., Jorgensen, W.K., Dalgliesh, R.J., Friedhoff, K.T. and De Vos, A.J. 1995. Current and future trends in the diagnosis of babesiosis. Veterinary Parasitology, 57: 61-74. Brown, W.C., Norimine, J., Knowles, D.P. and Goff, W.L. 2006. Immune control of Babesia bovis infection. Veterinary Parasitology, 138: 75-87.

Chaudhry, Z.I., Suleman, M., Younus, M. and Aslim, A. 2010. Molecular detection of Babesia bigemina and Babesia bovis in crossbred carrier cattle through PCR. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 42: 201-204.

Chauvin, A., Moreau, E., Bonnet, S., Plantard, O. and Malandrin, L. 2009. Babesia and its hosts: adaptation to long-lasting interactions as a way to achieve efficient transmission. Veterinary Research, 40: 37.

Figueroa, J.V., Chieves, L.P., Johnson, G.S. and Buening, G.M. 1992. Detection of Babesia bigemina infected carriers by polymerase chain reaction amplification. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 30: 2578-2582.

S.A. Bhat et al.

Haque, M., Jyoti, Singh, N.K., Rath, S.S. and Ghosh, S. 2011. Epidemiology and seasonal dynamics of Ixodid ticks of dairy animals of Punjab state, India. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences, 81: 661-664.

Kamani, J., Sannusi, A., Eqwu, O.K., Dogo, G.I., Tanko, T.J., Kemza, S., Takarki, A.E. and Gbise, D.S. 2010. Prevalence and significance of haemoparasitic infections of cattle in North Central, Nigeria. Veterinary World, 3: 445-448.

Minjauw, B. and Mc Leod, A. 2003. Tick-borne Diseases and Poverty: The Impact of Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases on the Livelihood of Small Scale and Marginal Livestock Owners in India and Eastern and Southern Africa, Research Report. DFID-AHP. Centre for Tropical Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, UK.

Nair, A.S., Ravindran, R., Lakshmanan, B., Kumar, S.S., Tresamol, P.V., Saseendranath, M.R., Senthilvel, K., Rao, J.R., Tewari, A.K. and Ghosh, S. 2011. Haemoprotozoa of cattle in Northern Kerala, India. Tropical Biomedicine, 28: 68-75.

Oliveira, M.C.S., Oliveira-Sequeira, T.C.G., Araujo, Jr. J.P., Amarante, A.F.T. and Oliveira, H.N. 2005. Babesia spp. infection in Boophilus microplus engorged females and eggs in Sa˜o Paulo State, Brazil. Veterinary Parasitology, 130: 61-67.

Radostits, O.M., Gay, C.C., Blood, D.C. and Hinchcliff, K.W. 2000. Veterinary Medicine, A Text Book of the Diseases of Cattle, Sheep, Goats, Pigs and Horse (9th edn.). W.B. Saunders Co. Ltd., London, UK.

Ravindran, R., Mishra, A.K. and Rao, J.R. 2008. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction fingerprinting of Babesia bigemina isolates of India. Veterinarski Archiv, 78: 545-551.

Sharma, A., Singla, L.D, Tuli, A., Kaur, P., Batth, B.K., Javed, M. and Juyal, P.D. 2013 Molecular prevalence of Babesia bigemina and Trypanosoma evansi in dairy animals from Punjab, India by duplex PCR: A step forward to detection and management of concurrent latent infections. Biomed Research International, http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/893862.

Silva, M.G., Henriques, G., Sanchez, C., Marques, P.X., Suarez, C.E. and Oliva, A. 2009. First survey for Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina infection in cattle from central and southern regions of Portugal using serological and DNA detection methods. Veterinary Parasitology, 166: 66-72.

Singh, N.K., Singh, H., Jyoti, Haque, M. and Rath, S.S. 2012. Prevalence of parasitic infections in cattle of Ludhiana district, Punjab. Journal of Parasitic Diseases, 36: 256-259. Singh, N.K. and Rath, S.S. 2013. Epidemiology of ixodid ticks in cattle population of various agro climatic zones of Punjab. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 6: 947-951. Smeenk, I., Kelly, P.J., Wray, K., Musuka, G., Trees, A.J. and Jongejan, F. 2000. Babesia bovis and B. bigemina DNA detected in cattle and ticks from Zimbabwe by polymerase chain reaction. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association, 71: 21-24.

Spickler, A.R. and Roth, J.A. 2008. Emerging and Exotic Diseases of Animal (3rd edn.). CFSPH Iowa State University,, USA.

Terkawi, M.A., Huyen, N.X., Shinuo, C., Inpankaew, T., Maklon, K., Aboulaila, M., Ueno, A., Goo, Y.K., Yokoyama, N., Jittapalapong, S., Xuan, X. and Igarashi, I. 2012. Molecular and serological prevalence of Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina in water buffaloes in the northeast region of Thailand. Veterinary Parasitology, 187: 307-311.

Wagner, G., Cruz, D., Holman, P., Waghela, S., Perrone, J., Shompole, S. and Rurangirwa, F. 1992. Non-immunologic methods of diagnosis of babesiosis. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 87: 193.