Effects Of Palm Oil Mill Effluent On Seed Germination  And Total Chlorophyll, Phenol And Carotene Contents  Of Maize (Zea Mays L.)

Ofoma Cornelius Amoke; F N Ugwuja

doi:10.48165/

Authors

Ofoma Cornelius Amoke Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria
F N Ugwuja Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48165/

Keywords:

Chlorophyll,maize, palm oilmill effluent, phenol, germination

Abstract

Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) is produced in large quantities in Nigeria and is amenable to microbial degradation. Studies were conducted to assess the effect of various concentration of POME on germination, total chlorophyll, phenol and carotene contents of maize plant. Different concentrations of POME tested were 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% (prepared in water). Each treatment was stored in separate container. Maize seeds were planted in 25 sterilized petri-plates and each treatment replicated five times. POME (10 mL) taken from a given concentration was used to irrigate the planted seeds as per treatment at 48 h interval. Results revealed that theuse of 25% POME gave highest seed germination and total chlorophyll content of 68% and 17.56 mg mL-1, respectively while 100% POME gave 26% germination nd 9.18 mg chlorophyll mL-1. The phenol content was highest in 75% POME and lowest in control. Carotenoid content in maize seedlings was highest carotene in 50% POME treatment. The study revealed that POME at proper dilution could serve as a bio-fertilizer for seedling growth.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Ahmed, A., Sarma, S. and Bahatia 2003.Water recycling from palm oil mill effluent (POME) using membrane technology desalination. Greener Journals, 157: 87-95.

AOAC. 1967. Determination of plant cell wall constituents. Journal of Dairy Sciences, 50: 56-58. APHA. 1992. Standard Method for the Extermination of Water and Waste Water (16th edn.). America Public Health Association, Washington, USA.

Arnon, D. 1949. Effects of 2, 4-D on inbred lines and a single cross of maize. Plant Physiology, 24: 1-15.

Bek-Nielsen C., Singh G. and Toh T.S. 1999. Bioremediation of palm oil mill effluent. In: Proceedings of Porim International Palm Oil Congress. 16th Feb., 1999, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Bray, H.G. and Thorpe, W.W. 1954. Analysis of phenolic compound of interest in metabolism. Methods in Biochemistry Analysis, 1: 27-52.

Dey, S., Swarup, D., Saxena, A. and Dan, A. 2011. In vivo efficacy of tamarind (Tamarindus indica) fruits extract on experimental fluoride exposure in rats. Research in Veterinary Sciences, 91: 422-425.

Dhouib, A., Ellouz, M., Aloui, F. and Sayadi, S. 2006. Effect of bioaugmentation of activated sludge with white-rot fungi on olive mill wastewater detoxification. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 42: 405-411.

Habib, M.A.B., Yusoff, S.M. Phang, K.J. and Mohamed, S. 1997. Nutritional values of chironomid larvae grown in palm oil mill effluent and algalculture. Aquaculture, 158: 95-105. James, R., Sampath, K. and Alagurathinam, S. 1996. Effects of lead on respiratory enzyme activity, glycogen and blood sugar levels of the teleost Oreochromismossambicus (Peters) during accumulation and depuration. Asian Fisheries Science, 9(8): 87-100.

Kittikun, A.H., Prasertsan, P., Srisuwan, G. and Krause, A. 2000. Environmental Management for Palm Oil Mill Material Flow Analysis of Integrated Biosystems. Technomic publisher, p.11. Nwaugo V.O., Chinyere G.C. and Inyang C.U. 2008. Effects of palm oil mill effluents on soil bacterial flora and enzyme activities in Egbama. Plant Product Research Journal, 12: 10-13. Onyia, C.O., Uyub, A.M., Akunna, J.C., Norulaini, N.A. and Omar, A.K.M. 2001. Increasing the fertilizer value of palm oil mill sludge: Bioaugumentation in nitrification. Water Science Technology, 44(10) 157-162.

Rajeev, P.S., Asha, E., Mahamad, H.I., and Pooja, S. 2013. Effect of different palm oil mill effluent (POME) concentration on seed germination, seedling growth and physiological responds of kidney bean. Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainability, 1: 97-102.

Raouf, S.S. 2011. Grain yield and physiological growth indices in maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids under seed bio priming with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGRR). Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment, 9: 393-397.

USDA. 2010. National Agricultural Statistics Board Annual Report. Acreage NASS, USDA, Washington, USA. [www.nass.usda.gov/].

Wu T.Y., Mohammad A.W., Jahim J. and Anuar N. 2009. A holistic approach to managing palm oil mill effluent (POME): Biotechnological advances in the sustainable reuse of POME. Biotechnology Advances, 27: 40-52.