Effect Of Paclobutrazol And Summer Pruning On Yield  And Fruit Quality Of Apple Cv. ‘red Delicious’

Naira Ashraf; M Y Bhat; M K  Sharma; G H Rather; Moieza Ashraf; M A Dar; Rifat Ara

doi:10.48165/

Authors

Naira Ashraf Division of Fruit Science, S.K. University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, 191 121 Jammu & Kashmir (India)
M Y Bhat Division of Fruit Science, S.K. University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, 191 121 Jammu & Kashmir (India)
M K Sharma Division of Fruit Science,S.K. University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, 191 121 Jammu & Kashmir (India)
G H Rather Division of Fruit Science, S.K. University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, 191 121 Jammu & Kashmir (India)
Moieza Ashraf Division of Environmental Science, S.K. University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, 191 121 Jammu & Kashmir (India)
M A Dar Division of Fruit Science,S.K. University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, 191 121 Jammu & Kashmir (India)
Rifat Ara Division of Fruit Science,S.K. University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, 191 121 Jammu & Kashmir (India)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48165/

Keywords:

Apple, fruit quality, fruit firmness, paclobutrazol, summer pruning, yield

Abstract

The study was aimed to assess the effect of different levels of paclobutrazol and summer pruning on fruit quality of apple cv. ‘Red Delicious’. The experiment was conducted at SKUAST-K, Shalimar (J&K) during 2012 and 2013 on apple trees of >15 years age, spaced at 5.49 × 5.49 m distance. The experiment was laid in a completely randomized block design with paclobutrazol spray tested at 3 concentrations (250, 500 and 750 ppm) and summer pruning at 2 timings (8 and 12 weeks after full bloom) and their combinations. Highest yield of 101.0 kg tree-1 was obtained in treatment 750 ppm paclobutrazol + 2 summer prunings in comparison to control. In addition, it significantly improved fruit size (53.15 cm), weight (188.19 g), volume (188.12 cm3), colour change (3.40 score), firmness (11.98 kg cm-2), organoleptic rating in terms of taste (3.14 score), texture (3.24 score), flavour (3.12 score) and total soluble solids (14.47oB) whereas acidity (0.23%) was reduced in comparison to control and other treatments during both the years.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

A.O.A.C. 1980. Official Methods of Analysis of the Analytical Chemists (13th edn.). [ed. W. Horwitz]. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, USA.

Abdel Rahim, A.O.S., Elamin, O.M. and Bangerth, F.K. 2011. Effects of growth retardants, paclobutrazol (pbz) and prohexadione-Ca on floral induction of regular bearing mango Mangifera indica L.) cultivars during off-season. Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science, 6(2):18-26.

Blanpied, G.D., Forshey, C.G., Styles, W.C., Green, D.W., Lord, W.J. and Ramledge, W.J. 1975. Use of ethephon to stimulate red colour without hastening ripening of McIntosh apples.

Naira Ashraf et al.

Journal of American Society for Horticultural Science, 100: 379-381.

Bussi, C., Lescourret, J., Genard, M. and Habib, R. 2005. Pruning intensity and fruit load influence on vegetative and fruit growth in an early maturing peach tree cv. Alexandra. Fruits, 60: 133- 142.

Dalziol, J. and Lawrence, D.K. 1984. Biochemical and biological effects of kaurene oxidase inhibitors such as paclobutrazol. pp. 43-57. In Biochemical Aspects of Synthetic and Naturally Occurring Plant Growth Regulators Monograph (eds. R. Menhenett and D.K. Lawrence). British Plant Growth Regulation Group, Wantage, England.

Dussi, M.C., Sosa, D., Junyent, G. and Giardina, G. 2004. Summer pruning in Red Delicious apple tree and its effect on fruit and spur leaf quality. Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 36(2): 15-22.

Edgerton, L.J. and Blanpied, G.D. 1970. Interaction of succinic acid 2, 2-dimethylhydrazide, 2 choloro-ethylphosphoric acid and auxins on maturity, quality and abscission of apples. Journal of American Society for Horticultural Science, 95: 664-666.

Edward, F.G., Knox, G.W. and Paticia, V. 2008. Pruning method affects flowering and sprouting on crape-myrtle. Journal of Environmental Horticulture, 26: 164-170.

Gomez, K.A. and Gomez, A.A.1983. Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research (2nd edn.). JohnWiley and Sons, New York, USA.

Greene, D.W. 1986. Effect of paclobutrazol and analogous on growth, yield, fruit quality and storage potential of Delicious apples. Journal of American Society for Horticultural Science, 11: 328-332.

Hassani, G. and Rezaee, R. 2007. Effect of training system and rate of pruning on yield and quality of peach fruit. Agriculture Science Tabriz, 17: 31-38.

Hossain, A.B.M.S., Mizutani, F., Onguso, J.M. and Ali, E.S.R. 2006. Effect of summer pruning on shoot growth and fruit quality in peach trees trained as slender spindle bush type. Bulletin of the Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Japan, 51: 9-13.

Ibrahim, A.K.A., Mika, A.A. and Piatkowski, M. 1983. Fruit quality and storage ability of two apple cultivars as affected by rootstocks, planting systems, irrigation and growth retardants: Effects of orchard treatments on fruit quality and mineral content of apple. Fruit Science Reporter, 10: 161-172.

Jankiewez, L.S. and Stecki, Z.J. 1976. Some mechanism responsible for differences in tree form. pp. 157-172. In: Tree Physiology and Yield Improvement (eds. Cannel and Last). Academic Press, London, UK.

Luo, Y., Wainwright, H. and Moore, K.G. 1987. Effects of orchard application of paclobutrazol on the post harvest ripening of apples. Journal of Horticultural Science, 62: 295-301. Mohamed, S.M., Fayed, T.A., El-Shrief, H.M. and Mokhtar, O.S. 2011. Effect of heading cut levels, bending and NAA on spurs formation, yield and fruit quality of sun gold plum cul tivar. Journal of Horticultural Science and Ornamental Plants, 3: 232- 243. Myriam, S., Bussi, C., Lescourret, F., Genard, M., Habib, R. and Gilreath, J. 2005. Pruning intensity and fruit load influence on vegetative and fruit growth in ‘Alexandra’ peach. Proceedings of the Florida State Horticultural Society, 118: 266-269.

Pant, N. and Kumar, R. 2004. Effect of paclobutrazol and chloromequat on growth, flowering, yield and quality of ‘Red Delicious apple’. Progressive Horticulture, 36: 167-170. Pescie, M., Borda, M., Fedyszak, P. and Lopez, C. 2011. Effect of time and intensity of pruning on the yield and fruit quality of southern high bush blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum) var. O´neal in Buenos Aires province. Argentina, 37(3): 1-5.

Rather, G.H. 2006. Combined Influence of Pruning Regimes and Fertilizer Application on Production and Quality of Apple (Malus х domestica Borkh.) cv. Red Delicious. Ph.D. thesis, S.K. University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India.

Steffens, G.L., Byun, J.K. and Wang, S.Y. 1985. Controlling plant growth via the gibberellins biosynthesis system. I. Growth parameter alterations in apple seedlings. Physiologia

Effect of paclobutrazol spray and summer pruning on apple 173

Plantarum, 63: 163-168.

Wani, A.M., Peer, F.A. and Lone, I.A. 2007. Effect of paclobutrazol on growth, picking maturity and storage behaviour of Red Delicious apples. The Asian Journal of Horticulture, 2: 171- 175.

Wani, W.M. 2004. Influence of Growth Retardant (Paclobutrazol) and Gibberellic Acid on Growth and Production of Sweet Cherry. Ph.D. thesis, S.K. University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India.

Westwood, M.N. 1993. Temperate Zone Pomology: Physiology and Culture (3rd edn.). Timber Press, Portland, Oregon, USA.

Wolstenholme, N., Whiley, W. and Saranah, J.B. 1990. Manipulating vegetative and reproductive growth in avocado (Persea americana Mill.) with paclobutrazol foliar sprays. Scientia Horticulturae, 41: 315-327.

Yadav, R.K., Rai, N., Yadav, D.S. and Asati, B.S. 2005. Use of paclobutrazol in horticultural crops – A review. Agricultural Reviews, 26: 124-132.