Genetic Variation For Grain Zinc And Iron Concentrations  And Quality Parameters In Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Genotypes

Ramandeep Kaur Jhinjer; Gurvinder Singh Mavi; Neerja Sood; Akhil Malhotra; Harinderjeet Kaur; Virinder Singh Sohu

doi:10.48165/

Authors

Ramandeep Kaur Jhinjer Wheat Section, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana – 141 004, Punjab (India)
Gurvinder Singh Mavi Wheat Section, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana – 141 004, Punjab (India)
Neerja Sood Wheat Section, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana – 141 004, Punjab (India)
Akhil Malhotra Wheat Section, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana – 141 004, Punjab (India)
Harinderjeet Kaur Wheat Section, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana – 141 004, Punjab (India)
Virinder Singh Sohu Wheat Section, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana – 141 004, Punjab (India)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48165/

Keywords:

Biofortification, grain protein, iron, yield, zinc

Abstract

Grains of fifty lines of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) representing diverse genotypes were analyzed in the year 2015 for variation in their micronutrient concentrations. Both grain Zn and Fe concentrations correlated negatively with grain yield and 1000-grain weight. Zn concentration also correlated significantly but negatively with phenol reaction score and plant height. Grain Fe concentration correlated significantly but positively with plant height, grain Zn and grain protein concentration. However, the correlations of Fe content with days to heading, grain appearance score, sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) sedimentation value and phenol reaction score and correlations of Zn content with days to heading, grain appearance score, SDS and grain protein were weak. Both Fe and Zn concentration showed negative direct on grain yield. Significant differences between bread wheat genotypes were found for grain Fe and Zn concentrations. Five entries namely 448, 412, 420, 414 and 419 showed high values for both Fe and Zn concentration. For Zn, an increment of 33.3% (54.4 ppm) over check (40.8 ppm) was observed. For Fe, an increment of 28.1% (45.1 ppm) was observed over check (35.2 ppm). The information generated could be used for developing micronutrient biofortification strategies.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Anwar, J., Ali, M.A., Hussain, M., Sabir, W., Khan, M.A., Zulkiffal, M. and Abdullah, M. 2009. Assessment of yield criteria in bread wheat through correlation and path analysis. The Journal of Animal and Plant Science, 19: 185-188.

Axford, D.W.E., McDermott, E.E. and Redman, D.G. 1979. Note on the sodium dodecyl sulphate test of bread making quality comparison with Pelenske and Zeleny tests. Cereal Chemistry, 56: 582-584.

Bouis, H.E. 2002. Plant breeding: A new tool for fighting micronutrient malnutrition. Journal of Nutrition, 132: 491-494.

Burton, G.N. 1952. Quantitative inheritance in grasses. pp 277-283. In: Proceedings of 6th International Grass Congress. Pennsylvania, USA.

Cakmak, I. 2008. Enrichment of cereal grains with zinc: Agronomic or genetic biofortification? Plant and Soil, 302: 1-17.

Calderini, D.F. and Ortiz-Monasterio, I. 2003. Grain position affects grain macronutrient and micronutrient concentrations in wheat. Crop Science, 43: 141-151.

Cheema, H.S, and Singh, B. 1991. Software Statistical Package CPCS-1. Department of Statistics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab (India).

Dewey, D.R. and Lu, K.H. 1959. A correlation and path analysis of components of created wheat grass seed production. Agronomy Journal, 51: 515-518.

Distelfeld, A., Cakmak, I., Peleg, Z., Ozturk, L., Yazici, A.M., Budak, H., Saranga, Y. and Fahima, T. 2007. Multiple QTL-effects of wheat Gpc-B1 locus on grain protein and micronutrient concentrations. Physiologia Plantarum, 129: 635-643.

Fan, M.S., Zhao, F.J., Fairweather-Tait, S.J., Poulton, P.R., Dunham, S.J. and McGrath, S.P. 2008. Evidence of decreasing mineral density in wheat grain over the last 160 years. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, 22: 315-324.

Feil, B. and Fossati, D. 1995. Minerals composition of Triticale grains as related to grain yield and grain protein. Crop Science, 35: 1426-1431.

Fonseca, S. and Patterson, F.L. 1958. Yield components heritabilities and interrelationship in winter wheat (T. aestivum L.). Crop Science, 8: 614-617.

Garvin, D.F., Welch, R.M. and Finley, J.W. 2006. Historical shifts in the seed mineral micro nutrient concentration of US hard red winter wheat germplasm. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 86: 2213-2220.

Graham, R., Senadhira, D., Beebe, S., Iglesias, C. and Monasterio, I. 1999. Breeding for micro nutrient density in edible portions of staple food crops: conventional approaches. Field Crops Research, 60: 57-80.

Graham, R.D., Welch, R.M., Saunders, D.A., Ortiz-Monasterio, I., Bouis, H.E., Bonierbale, M., de Haan, S., Burgos, G., Thiele, G., Liria, R., Meisner, C.A., Beebe, S.E., Potts, M.J., Kadian, M., Hobbs, P.R., Gupta, R.K. and Twomlow, S. 2007. Nutritious subsistence food systems. Advances in Agronomy, 92:1-74.

Hotz, C. and Brown, K.H. 2004. Assessment of the risk of zinc deficiency in populations and options for its control. Food and Nutrition Bulletin, 25: 94-203.

Johnson, H.W., Robinson, H.F. and Comstock, R.E. 1955. Estimates of genetic and environment variability in soybean. Agronomy Journal, 46: 314-318.

Genetic variation for grain zinc and iron in wheat genotypes 145

Kaur, H., Jha, J., Sohu, V.S., Mavi, G.S. and Singh, R.P. 2013. Evaluation of Ug99 resistant elite CIMMYT wheat lines for chapatti and grain quality. Crop Improvement, 40: 144-149. Kennedy, G., Nantel, G. and Shetty, P. 2003. The scourge of ‘‘hidden hunger’’: Global dimensions of micronutrient deficiencies. Food, Nutrition and Agriculture, 32: 8-16.

Liu, Z.H., Wang, H.Y., Wang, X.E., Zhang, G.P., Chen, P.D. and Liu, D.J. 2006. Genotypic and spike positional difference in grain phytase activity, phytate, inorganic phosphorus, iron and zinc contents in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Journal of Cereal Science, 44: 212-219.

Liu, Z.H., Wang, H.Y., Wang, X.E., Zhang, G.P., Chen, P.D. and Liu, D.J. 2007. Phytase activity, phytate, iron, and zinc contents in wheat pearling fractions and their variation across production locations. Journal of Cereal Science, 45: 319-326.

McDonald, G.K., Genc, Y. and Graham, R.D. 2008. A simple method to evaluate genetic variation in grain zinc concentration by correcting for differences in grain yield. Plant and Soil, 306: 49-55.

McGrath, S.P.,1985. The effects of increasing yields on the macroelement and microelement concentrations and offtakes in the grain of winter wheat. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 36: 1073-1083.

Morgounov, A., Gomez-Becerra, H.F., Abugalieva, A., Dzhunusova, M., Yessimbekova, M., Muminjanov, H., Zelenskiy, Y., Ozturk, L. and Cakmak, I. 2007. Iron and zinc grain density in common wheat grown in Central Asia. Euphytica, 155: 193-203.

Morris, C.E. and Sands, D.C. 2006. The breeder’s dilemma – yield or nutrition? Nature Biotechnology, 24: 1078-1080.

Nestel, P., Bouis, H.E., Meenakshi, J.V. and Pfeiffer, W. 2006. Biofortification of staple food crops. Journal of Nutrition, 136: 1064-1067.

Oury, F.X., Leenhardt, F., Remesy, C., Chanliaud, E., Duperrier, B., Balfourier, F. and Charmet, G. 2006. Genetic variability and stability of grain magnesium, zinc and iron concentrations in bread wheat. European Journal of Agronomy, 25: 177-185.

Ozturk, L., Yazici, M.A., Yucel, C., Torun, A., Cekic, C., Bagci, A., Ozkan, H., Braun, H.J., Sayers, Z. and Cakmak, I. 2006. Concentration and localization of zinc during seed development and germination in wheat. Physiologia Plantarum, 128: 144-152.

Paltridge, N.G., Milham, P.J., Ortiz-Monasterio, J.I., Velu, G., Yasmin, Z., Palmer, L.J., Guild, G.E. and Stangoulis, J.C.R. 2012. Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry as a tool for zinc, iron and selenium analysis in whole grain wheat. Plant and Soil, 361: 251-260.

Singh, R.K. and Chaudhary, B.D. 1977. Biometrical Methods in Quantitative Genetics Analysis. Kalyani Publishers, Ludhiana (India).

Uauy, C., Distelfeld, A., Fahima, T., Blechl, A. and Dubcovsky, J. 2006. A NAC gene regulating senescence improves grain protein, zinc, and iron content in wheat. Science, 314: 1298-1301. Velu, G., Singh, R.P., Huerta-Espino, J., Pena, R.J., Arun, B., Mahendru-Singh, A., Mujahid, M.Y., Sohu, V.S., Mavi, G.S., Crossa, J., Alvarado, G., Joshi, A.K. and Pfeiffer, W.H. 2012. Performance of biofortified spring wheat genotypes in target environments for grain zinc and iron concentrations. Field Crops Research, 137: 261-267.

Welch, R.M. and Graham, R.D. 2002. Breeding crops for enhanced micronutrient content. Plant and Soil, 245: 205-214.

Welch, R.M. and Graham, R.D. 2004. Breeding for micronutrients in staple food crops from a human nutrition perspective. Journal of Experimental Botany, 55: 353-364.

WHO, 2002. The World Health Report 2002. Reducing Risks, Promoting Healthy Life. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.

Zhao F.J, Su Y.H, Dunham S.J, Rakszegi M, Bedo Z, McGrath S.P. and Shewry P.R. 2009. Variation in mineral micronutrient concentrations in grain of wheat lines of diverse origin. Journal of Cereal Science, 49: 290–295.